﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  611 
  

  

  with 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  mainland 
  of 
  IN'ew 
  Jersey 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  plants 
  found 
  

   in 
  them 
  would 
  prove 
  to 
  be 
  identical 
  with 
  those 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  main- 
  

   land, 
  but 
  this 
  has 
  not 
  turned 
  out 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  case. 
  Many 
  of 
  them 
  

   are 
  identical, 
  but 
  still 
  a 
  number 
  have 
  been 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  island 
  that 
  

   have 
  not 
  been 
  found 
  on 
  the 
  mainland, 
  and 
  he 
  considers 
  that 
  the 
  

   Staten 
  Island 
  beds 
  represent 
  a 
  higher 
  member 
  of 
  the 
  Amboy 
  seriee. 
  

   In 
  plates 
  18 
  and 
  19 
  are 
  given 
  the 
  more 
  characteristic 
  species 
  

   taken 
  from 
  Dr 
  Hollick's 
  papers. 
  

  

  Occurrence 
  of 
  clay 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States 
  

   In 
  the 
  following 
  pages 
  a 
  brief 
  summary 
  is 
  given 
  of 
  the 
  occurrence 
  

   of 
  clay 
  in 
  other 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  United 
  States. 
  For 
  those 
  desiring 
  

   to 
  obtain 
  more 
  detailed 
  information 
  the 
  references 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  

   each 
  case. 
  

  

  Alabama^ 
  

  

  With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  the 
  loams 
  and 
  clays 
  used 
  in 
  making 
  com- 
  

   mon 
  and 
  ornamental 
  bricks, 
  and 
  to 
  a 
  limited 
  extent 
  paving 
  and 
  

   fire 
  brick, 
  the 
  clays 
  of 
  Alabama 
  are 
  practically 
  undeveloped. 
  

  

  Brick 
  clays 
  and 
  loams. 
  Material 
  for 
  common 
  building 
  brick, 
  and 
  

   that 
  most 
  extensively 
  used, 
  is 
  the 
  yellow 
  loam 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  bottom 
  

   or 
  terraces 
  of 
  the 
  rivers 
  and 
  larger 
  streams, 
  which 
  traverse 
  the 
  

   coastal 
  plain. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Paleozoic 
  formation 
  are 
  deposits 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  loam, 
  partly 
  

   of 
  a 
  residual 
  nature 
  or 
  sometimes 
  of 
  sedimentary 
  origin, 
  which 
  

   are 
  frequently 
  made 
  into 
  brick. 
  Of 
  these 
  the 
  ordinary 
  red 
  clays 
  

   make 
  a 
  brick 
  which 
  is 
  generally 
  hard 
  and 
  durable. 
  

  

  At 
  Oxford 
  a 
  clay 
  occurs 
  which 
  burns 
  to 
  a 
  cream 
  colored 
  brick. 
  

   Similar 
  clays 
  are 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  near 
  Anniston 
  and 
  other 
  

   points 
  in 
  the 
  Coosa 
  valley 
  region. 
  

  

  Vitrified 
  brick 
  are 
  made 
  from 
  the 
  shale 
  occurring 
  with 
  the 
  coal 
  

   at 
  Oooldale 
  in 
  Jefferson 
  co. 
  Materials 
  of 
  this 
  kind 
  also 
  exist 
  at 
  

   other 
  points 
  in 
  the 
  Coal 
  Measures. 
  

  

  1 
  E. 
  A. 
  Smith. 
  " 
  Clays 
  of 
  Ala.," 
  Ala. 
  ind. 
  & 
  sci. 
  soc. 
  27. 
  1892. 
  Ala. 
  geol. 
  

   surv. 
  1900. 
  H. 
  Ries. 
  Preliminary 
  report 
  on 
  clays 
  of 
  Ala. 
  

  

  