﻿622 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Stoneware 
  clays. 
  They 
  occur 
  in 
  four 
  different 
  geologic 
  forma- 
  

   tions: 
  1) 
  as 
  pockets 
  in 
  Paleozoic 
  limestone 
  in 
  the 
  southern 
  half 
  of 
  

   the 
  state, 
  similar 
  to 
  the 
  flint 
  clays; 
  2) 
  as 
  seams 
  of 
  some 
  fire 
  clays 
  

   in 
  the 
  Coal 
  Measures 
  of 
  the 
  northwestern 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  state; 
  3) 
  as 
  

   beds 
  in 
  the 
  Tertiary, 
  in 
  the 
  southeastern 
  corner 
  of 
  the 
  state, 
  which 
  

   are 
  by 
  far 
  the 
  most 
  prominent; 
  4) 
  as 
  local 
  beds 
  in 
  the 
  northern 
  part 
  

   of 
  the 
  state. 
  These 
  are 
  unreliable. 
  The 
  stoneware 
  industry 
  of 
  

   Missouri 
  is 
  at 
  present 
  very 
  small, 
  being 
  represented 
  by 
  a 
  few 
  small 
  

   scattered 
  works. 
  

  

  Shales. 
  These 
  are 
  the 
  important 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  Missouri 
  clay 
  

   materials. 
  Important 
  deposits 
  exist 
  around 
  Kansas 
  City, 
  and 
  

   St 
  Louis; 
  they 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  terra 
  cotta, 
  roofing 
  

   tile, 
  sewer 
  pipe, 
  drain 
  tile, 
  and 
  flower 
  pots. 
  The 
  paving 
  brick 
  

   industry 
  which 
  also 
  depends 
  on 
  this 
  material 
  is 
  represented 
  by 
  13 
  

   plants 
  located 
  in 
  the 
  central 
  and 
  western 
  region 
  of 
  the 
  state. 
  

  

  Brick 
  clays. 
  These 
  include 
  loess 
  clay, 
  glacial, 
  residual 
  clays, 
  and 
  

   alluvial 
  clays. 
  The 
  first 
  are 
  the 
  most 
  important 
  in 
  Missouri. 
  They 
  

   make 
  a 
  good 
  grade 
  of 
  brick 
  and 
  are 
  easily 
  worked; 
  they 
  are 
  also 
  

   uniform 
  in 
  quality 
  and 
  hardness. 
  Their 
  chief 
  development 
  is 
  

   along 
  the 
  Missouri 
  and 
  the 
  Mississippi 
  rivers, 
  the 
  beds 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  

   being 
  sometimes 
  as 
  much 
  as 
  200 
  feet 
  in 
  thickness. 
  The 
  glacial 
  

   clays 
  are 
  variable 
  in 
  character. 
  The 
  residual 
  ones 
  are 
  usually 
  very 
  

   tenacious, 
  and 
  crack 
  in 
  burning. 
  The 
  alluvial 
  ones 
  are 
  likewise 
  

   variable. 
  The 
  Gumbo 
  clays 
  are 
  chiefly 
  used 
  in 
  making 
  railroad 
  

   ballast. 
  The 
  northern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  state 
  is 
  rich 
  in 
  them. 
  

  

  New 
  Jersey 
  

  

  In 
  1878 
  the 
  ISTew 
  Jersey 
  geological 
  survey 
  issued 
  an 
  extremely 
  

   valuable 
  report 
  on 
  the 
  clay 
  resources 
  of 
  that 
  state. 
  The 
  clays 
  of 
  

   !N'ew 
  Jersey 
  are 
  Quaternary, 
  Tertiary, 
  and 
  Cretaceous, 
  the 
  latter 
  

   including 
  beds 
  of 
  fire 
  clays, 
  fire 
  sands, 
  and 
  white 
  burning 
  clays, 
  

   which 
  are 
  commonly, 
  but 
  erroneously, 
  called 
  kaolins. 
  

  

  The 
  clays 
  extend 
  across 
  the 
  state 
  in 
  a 
  belt 
  5 
  to 
  8 
  miles 
  wide, 
  from 
  

   Perth, 
  Amboy 
  to 
  Trenton; 
  the 
  deposits 
  on 
  Staten 
  Island 
  are 
  a 
  con- 
  

   tinuation 
  of 
  this 
  belt. 
  

  

  