﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  64o 
  

  

  THE 
  BRICKMAKma 
  INDUSTRY 
  

  

  Three 
  kinds 
  of 
  brick 
  are 
  maniifactiired 
  in 
  ]^ew 
  York, 
  common, 
  

   front 
  and 
  paving 
  brick. 
  

  

  Common 
  brick. 
  Many 
  works 
  dealing 
  witb 
  clay 
  products 
  state, 
  

   in 
  an 
  interesting 
  way, 
  wbat 
  are 
  the 
  requisites 
  of 
  a 
  good 
  common 
  

   brick, 
  but 
  as 
  a 
  rule 
  few 
  conform 
  to 
  the 
  requirements 
  laid 
  down. 
  

  

  Most 
  common 
  brick 
  are 
  fairly 
  regular 
  in 
  shape, 
  but 
  here 
  the 
  

   similarity 
  to 
  one 
  another 
  ends. 
  They 
  show 
  a 
  wide 
  variation 
  in 
  

   size, 
  and 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  law 
  requiring 
  a 
  standard 
  size, 
  though 
  there 
  

   should 
  be 
  one. 
  The 
  l^ational 
  brickmakers 
  association 
  and 
  the 
  

   American 
  institute 
  of 
  architects 
  have 
  adopted 
  a 
  standard 
  size 
  of 
  

   2Jx4rJx8^ 
  inches. 
  If 
  these 
  dimensions 
  be 
  compared 
  with 
  those 
  

   given 
  in 
  the 
  table 
  below, 
  considerable 
  difference 
  will 
  be 
  observed 
  

   in 
  some 
  cases. 
  It 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  remembered 
  of 
  course, 
  that, 
  with 
  a 
  given 
  

   clay 
  and 
  a 
  given 
  mold, 
  the 
  brick 
  will 
  be 
  smaller 
  the 
  harder 
  it 
  is 
  

   burned 
  and 
  in 
  some 
  clays 
  the 
  difference 
  will 
  be 
  appreciable. 
  

  

  Common 
  brick 
  should 
  be 
  of 
  uniform 
  texture, 
  hard, 
  and 
  give 
  a 
  

   clear 
  ringing 
  sound 
  when 
  struck. 
  The 
  compactness 
  and 
  uniformity 
  

   of 
  texture 
  are 
  largely 
  influenced 
  by 
  the 
  method 
  of 
  molding. 
  Soft 
  

   mud 
  bricks 
  when 
  properly 
  burned 
  are 
  very 
  resistant 
  to 
  frost 
  ac- 
  

   tion. 
  The 
  absorption 
  of 
  common 
  brick 
  should 
  not 
  exceed 
  15^. 
  

  

  They 
  should 
  also 
  have 
  a 
  crushing 
  strength 
  of 
  not 
  less 
  than 
  3000 
  

   pounds 
  a 
  square 
  inch. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  table 
  gives 
  the 
  dimensions 
  of 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  bricks 
  

   made 
  in 
  ISTew 
  York 
  state, 
  also 
  their 
  absorption 
  after 
  24 
  hours' 
  im- 
  

   mersion 
  . 
  

  

  