﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  

  

  655 
  

  

  Soft 
  mud 
  machines 
  

  

  Molding 
  i 
  Stiff 
  mud 
  machines 
  

  

  Hand 
  power 
  

   Horse 
  power 
  

   Steam 
  power 
  

   Auger 
  

   Plunger 
  

  

  Dry 
  press 
  

   Semi-dry 
  press 
  

   , 
  Represses 
  

  

  f 
  Open 
  yards, 
  sun-dried 
  

   I 
  Covered 
  yards, 
  air-dried 
  

  

  Pallets 
  

   [ 
  f 
  Steam 
  pipes 
  circulating 
  

  

  Drying 
  i 
  within 
  

  

  ''rr 
  ■' 
  1 
  -u 
  X 
  J 
  1 
  / 
  Hot 
  blast 
  

  

  lunnels 
  heated 
  by 
  i 
  tt 
  ^ 
  • 
  i! 
  i 
  ^ 
  

  

  " 
  Hot 
  air 
  Irom 
  coal 
  nre 
  

  

  j 
  through 
  flues 
  under- 
  

  

  [ 
  neath 
  

  

  r 
  

  

  Kilnsi 
  

  

  Intermittent 
  -{ 
  

  

  r 
  T^ 
  1 
  r./ 
  \ 
  Rectangular 
  

  

  I 
  Down-draft 
  i 
  ^. 
  ^ 
  

   I 
  .-^asr 
  ( 
  Circular 
  

  

  r 
  One 
  or 
  more 
  

   ' 
  chimneys 
  ac- 
  

   ' 
  cording 
  t 
  o 
  

   L 
  make 
  

  

  Continuous 
  ] 
  

  

  I 
  Up-draft 
  

  

  Straight 
  

   Circular 
  

  

  ScO'Vekilns 
  

   Clamps 
  

  

  Pre'pcwation 
  of 
  clay 
  

  

  Few 
  clays 
  are 
  found 
  in 
  nature 
  in 
  a 
  condition 
  such 
  that 
  they 
  can 
  

   be 
  fed 
  directly 
  to 
  the 
  molding 
  machines; 
  consequently 
  they 
  have 
  

   to 
  be 
  first 
  loosened 
  up. 
  This 
  breaking 
  up 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  mass 
  can 
  be 
  

   done 
  by 
  weathering, 
  namely 
  spreading 
  the 
  clay 
  out 
  in 
  a 
  thin 
  

   layer 
  and 
  exposing 
  it 
  to 
  atmospheric 
  action, 
  the 
  effect 
  of 
  this 
  being 
  

   thoroughly 
  to 
  separate 
  clay 
  particles. 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  thorough 
  

   method 
  of 
  preparation, 
  but 
  takes 
  a 
  long 
  time 
  and, 
  if 
  the 
  clay 
  con- 
  

   tains 
  pyrite, 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  soluble 
  sulfates 
  is 
  often 
  brought 
  

   about. 
  A 
  quicker 
  method 
  of 
  breaking 
  up 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  

   some 
  form 
  of 
  machine 
  such 
  as 
  the 
  disintegrator, 
  ball 
  mill, 
  or 
  dry 
  

  

  