﻿686 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  2 
  The 
  brickmaker 
  pays 
  a 
  certain 
  rental, 
  usually 
  9^ 
  or 
  10^. 
  

  

  3 
  TLe 
  owner 
  of 
  tKe 
  clay 
  bank 
  gets 
  so 
  much 
  a 
  thousand 
  brick. 
  

   At 
  Haveirstraw 
  this 
  varies, 
  for 
  instance, 
  from 
  25c 
  to 
  $1.25 
  a 
  thou- 
  

   sand. 
  With 
  this 
  arrangement 
  the 
  manufacturer 
  is 
  bound 
  to 
  a 
  

   certain 
  amount 
  of 
  production. 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  three 
  methods 
  of 
  manufacturing 
  brick, 
  the 
  soft 
  mud 
  

   process 
  is 
  the 
  cheapest 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  first 
  cost 
  of 
  plant 
  is 
  concerned, 
  but 
  

   it 
  is 
  probably 
  not 
  the 
  cheapest 
  in 
  operation, 
  as 
  more 
  labor 
  is 
  required. 
  

   The 
  other 
  two 
  methods 
  used, 
  the 
  stiff 
  mud 
  and 
  dry 
  clay, 
  require 
  

   considerable 
  outlay 
  of 
  capital. 
  Less 
  labor 
  is 
  required 
  for 
  operating 
  

   either 
  of 
  the 
  last-mentioned 
  plants. 
  The 
  actual 
  cost 
  of 
  production 
  

   by 
  either 
  of 
  these 
  methods 
  I 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  able 
  to 
  obtain. 
  It 
  is 
  

   doubtful 
  if 
  the 
  dry 
  clay 
  process 
  is 
  the 
  cheapest, 
  as 
  the 
  manufacturers 
  

   of 
  this 
  class 
  of 
  machinery 
  assert, 
  for 
  the 
  economy 
  gained, 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  

   shortness 
  of 
  the 
  method, 
  is 
  probably 
  counterbalanced 
  by 
  the 
  in- 
  

   creased 
  time 
  of 
  burning 
  and 
  consequently 
  greater 
  amount 
  of 
  fuel 
  

   used. 
  With 
  the 
  soft 
  mud 
  process 
  one 
  man 
  to 
  1000 
  brick 
  is 
  what 
  

   the 
  manufacturer 
  figures, 
  that 
  is, 
  if 
  the 
  yard 
  has 
  a 
  capacity 
  of 
  

   50,000 
  a 
  day, 
  a 
  force 
  of 
  50 
  hands 
  is 
  required 
  to 
  operate 
  the 
  yard. 
  

  

  As 
  regards 
  fuel, 
  for 
  instance, 
  a 
  saving 
  of 
  30c 
  can 
  easily 
  be 
  made 
  

   by 
  using 
  coal 
  instead 
  of 
  wood; 
  gas 
  is 
  considered 
  about 
  25c 
  cheaper 
  

   a 
  thousand 
  than 
  coal. 
  Farther 
  economy 
  may 
  be 
  effected 
  by 
  the 
  use 
  

   of 
  the 
  proper 
  class 
  of 
  machinery 
  for 
  haulage. 
  Carts 
  can 
  usually 
  be 
  

   employed 
  economically 
  up 
  to 
  400 
  feet; 
  beyond 
  this 
  it 
  will 
  usually 
  

   pay 
  to 
  lay 
  tracks 
  and 
  use 
  cars 
  hauled 
  by 
  horses. 
  Above 
  600 
  feet 
  

   steam 
  haulage 
  has 
  been 
  found 
  economical. 
  Self-acting 
  planes 
  and 
  

   cable 
  haulage 
  have 
  been 
  used 
  to 
  advantage 
  in 
  a 
  few 
  instances. 
  

  

  Common 
  brick 
  are 
  made 
  from 
  shale 
  at 
  many 
  localities 
  in 
  the 
  

   southern 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  state, 
  and 
  sell 
  just 
  as 
  cheaply 
  as 
  clay 
  brick. 
  

  

  Detailed 
  account 
  of 
  brick 
  yards 
  

  

  As 
  the 
  brick 
  yards 
  are 
  scattered 
  all 
  over 
  the 
  state, 
  a 
  division 
  of 
  

   them 
  into 
  groups 
  for 
  convenience 
  is 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  arbitrary. 
  How- 
  

   ever, 
  the 
  following 
  classification 
  has 
  been 
  made. 
  

  

  