﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  

  

  687 
  

  

  IBrick 
  yards 
  of 
  eastern 
  I^ew 
  York 
  

  

  " 
  central 
  'New 
  York 
  from 
  Schenectady 
  to 
  Buffalo 
  

  

  " 
  Oswego, 
  Jefferson 
  and 
  St 
  Lawrence 
  co. 
  

  

  " 
  southern 
  New 
  York 
  

  

  " 
  Long 
  Island 
  

  

  " 
  Staten 
  Island 
  

  

  Most 
  of 
  the 
  bricks 
  manufactured 
  in 
  the 
  state 
  are 
  sold 
  in 
  local 
  

   markets. 
  In 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  valley 
  bricks, 
  the 
  market 
  of 
  

   'New 
  York 
  city 
  receives 
  the 
  larger 
  proportion, 
  and 
  the 
  competition 
  

   has 
  been 
  so 
  keen 
  and 
  the 
  supply 
  so 
  great 
  that 
  prices 
  have 
  often 
  

   been 
  depressed 
  accordingly. 
  

  

  Brich 
  yards 
  of 
  eastern 
  New 
  York 
  

   Hudson 
  valley. 
  Extending 
  up 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  valley 
  from 
  

   Oroton 
  to 
  Albany 
  and 
  even 
  to 
  Glens 
  Falls, 
  is 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  con- 
  

   tinuous 
  deposit 
  of 
  clay 
  which 
  can 
  safely 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  

   most 
  extensive 
  in 
  the 
  United 
  States, 
  and 
  which 
  furnishes 
  the 
  ma- 
  

   terial 
  for 
  the 
  greatest 
  brickmaking 
  region 
  in 
  either 
  Europe 
  or 
  

   America. 
  

  

  The 
  geologic 
  relations 
  have 
  already 
  been 
  described 
  in 
  the 
  

   chapter 
  on 
  the 
  " 
  Geology 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  deposits 
  ", 
  and 
  the 
  de- 
  

   tailed 
  description 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  as 
  seen 
  at 
  the 
  different 
  yards 
  is 
  given 
  

   later, 
  so 
  that 
  all 
  that 
  need 
  be 
  mentioned 
  here 
  is 
  the 
  physical 
  char- 
  

   -acter 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  used, 
  and 
  this 
  can 
  be 
  treated 
  in 
  a 
  general 
  manner 
  

   for 
  the 
  reason 
  that 
  the 
  constancy 
  in 
  character 
  of 
  the 
  Hudson 
  valley 
  

   clays, 
  specially 
  between 
  Groton 
  point 
  and 
  Albany 
  is 
  remarkable. 
  

   Throughout 
  their 
  extent 
  they 
  present 
  the 
  same 
  type 
  of 
  marly 
  clay, 
  

   of 
  a 
  blue 
  gray 
  color, 
  except 
  where 
  the 
  upper 
  beds 
  are 
  weathered, 
  

   the 
  color 
  there 
  being 
  yellow, 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  limonite. 
  

   These 
  clays 
  contain 
  a 
  great 
  quantity 
  of 
  fine 
  grit, 
  and 
  a 
  large 
  amount 
  

   of 
  clay 
  substance, 
  as 
  shown 
  by 
  the 
  mechanical 
  analysis 
  given 
  below. 
  

   The 
  fine 
  gTit 
  is 
  not 
  uniformly 
  distributed 
  through 
  the 
  clay 
  but 
  is 
  in 
  

   thin 
  layers 
  which 
  cause 
  the 
  clay 
  to 
  split 
  very 
  evenly 
  and 
  readily. 
  

  

  