﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NKW 
  YORK 
  695 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  are 
  some 
  tests 
  of 
  Haverstraw 
  brick 
  made 
  by 
  

   M. 
  Abbott 
  at 
  tbe 
  time 
  the 
  East 
  ri\er 
  bridge 
  was 
  being 
  .completed, 
  

   No 
  packing 
  was 
  put 
  between 
  the 
  brick 
  and 
  plate 
  of 
  testing 
  machine. 
  

  

  Crushing 
  strength 
  

  

  to 
  the 
  square 
  inch 
  

  

  Puu, 
  as 
  

  

  . 
  Aiaximum 
  3 
  060 
  

  

  Whole 
  brick 
  tested 
  on 
  end 
  a 
  Minimom 
  1 
  600 
  

  

  ' 
  Average 
  2 
  065 
  

  

  , 
  Maximum 
  4 
  153 
  

  

  HaK 
  brick 
  tested 
  on 
  flat 
  side. 
  . 
  . 
  -l 
  Minimum 
  2 
  669 
  

  

  Average 
  3 
  371 
  

  

  Maxim-um 
  6 
  400 
  

  

  Half 
  brick 
  tested 
  on 
  edge 
  - 
  Minimum 
  2 
  900 
  

  

  Average 
  4 
  612 
  

  

  Had 
  the 
  surfaces 
  been 
  ground 
  parallel 
  and 
  cardboard 
  or 
  blotting 
  

   paper 
  been 
  put 
  between 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  brick 
  and 
  plate 
  of 
  machine, 
  

   higher 
  results 
  would 
  no 
  doubt 
  have 
  been 
  obtained. 
  

  

  Thiells, 
  Rockland 
  co. 
  About 
  two 
  miles 
  south 
  from 
  Haverstraw 
  

   and 
  half 
  way 
  between 
  the 
  stations 
  of 
  Ivy 
  Leaf 
  and 
  Thiells, 
  on 
  the 
  

   Xew 
  York 
  and 
  Xew 
  Jersey 
  railroad; 
  is 
  the 
  brick 
  yard 
  of 
  Felter 
  & 
  

   Mather. 
  The 
  clay 
  deposit 
  is 
  basin-shaped, 
  about 
  15 
  feet 
  thick, 
  as 
  

   determined 
  by 
  boring, 
  and 
  has 
  a 
  slightly 
  elliptic 
  outline. 
  The 
  

   clay 
  is 
  chiefly 
  of 
  a 
  blue 
  color, 
  the 
  upper 
  portion 
  being 
  weathered 
  

   to 
  yellow. 
  It 
  is 
  overlain 
  by 
  a 
  few 
  feet 
  of 
  drift 
  containing 
  small 
  

   boulders 
  and 
  underlain 
  by 
  similar 
  material. 
  The 
  tempering 
  sand 
  

   is 
  obtained 
  from 
  a 
  bank 
  on 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  railroad 
  about 
  

   1000 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  yard. 
  Tempering 
  is 
  done 
  in 
  ring 
  pits; 
  the 
  

   bricks 
  are 
  molded 
  in 
  soft 
  mud 
  machines 
  and 
  dried 
  on 
  an 
  open 
  yard. 
  

   Burning 
  is 
  done 
  in. 
  scove-kilns. 
  The 
  product 
  is 
  shipped 
  to 
  various 
  

   towns 
  along 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  railroad 
  in 
  New 
  Jersey. 
  

  

  Coldspring, 
  Putnam 
  co. 
  A 
  brick 
  yard 
  was 
  in 
  operation 
  north 
  

   of 
  this 
  town 
  for 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  years, 
  but 
  has 
  been 
  shut 
  down 
  on 
  

   account 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  giving 
  out. 
  

  

  