﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  703 
  

  

  point 
  at 
  the 
  cost 
  of 
  40c 
  a 
  cubic 
  yard. 
  The 
  manufacture 
  of 
  drain 
  

   tile, 
  hollow 
  brick 
  and 
  sewer 
  pipe 
  has 
  been 
  attempted 
  with 
  this 
  clay, 
  

   but 
  was 
  given 
  up, 
  it 
  is 
  said, 
  for 
  financial 
  reasons. 
  Ferier 
  & 
  Golden's 
  

   yard 
  is 
  situated 
  on 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  street 
  from 
  McLean's, 
  

   and 
  their 
  clay 
  bank 
  is 
  practically 
  a 
  continuation 
  of 
  his. 
  Their 
  tem- 
  

   pering 
  sand 
  is 
  carted 
  from 
  near 
  the 
  West 
  Shore 
  railroad 
  station, 
  a 
  

   distance 
  of 
  about 
  three 
  quarters 
  of 
  a 
  mile. 
  Drying 
  is 
  done 
  in 
  tun- 
  

   nels. 
  The 
  bricks 
  are 
  burnt 
  with 
  wood, 
  though 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  that 
  

   petroleum 
  was 
  used 
  for 
  a 
  while 
  successfully. 
  The 
  bricks 
  are 
  run 
  

   down 
  to 
  the 
  dock 
  on 
  cars. 
  Tying 
  along 
  the 
  creek 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  

   bridge 
  is 
  the 
  Derbyshire 
  brick 
  co.'s 
  yard. 
  Most 
  of 
  the 
  drying 
  is 
  

   done 
  under 
  sheds. 
  The 
  clay 
  is 
  both 
  blue 
  and 
  yellow 
  and 
  is 
  dug 
  

   in 
  a 
  rather 
  steep 
  face, 
  often 
  causing 
  it 
  to 
  slide. 
  The 
  blue 
  has 
  been 
  

   excavated 
  to 
  38 
  feet 
  from 
  tide 
  level, 
  and 
  its 
  upper 
  limit 
  is 
  82 
  feet 
  

   above 
  tide; 
  over 
  this 
  is 
  12 
  feet 
  of 
  yellow 
  clay 
  and 
  3 
  feet 
  of 
  loam. 
  

   The 
  tempering 
  sand 
  is 
  obtained 
  about 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  from 
  the 
  works. 
  

   As 
  at 
  the 
  preceding 
  yard, 
  the 
  bricks 
  are 
  loaded 
  on 
  cars 
  at 
  the 
  kiln 
  

   and 
  run 
  down 
  to 
  the 
  dock. 
  

  

  Hudson^ 
  Columbia 
  co. 
  There 
  are 
  three 
  yards 
  at 
  this 
  to^vn. 
  

   J. 
  Fitzgerald's 
  Sons' 
  yard 
  is 
  situated 
  in 
  a 
  reentrant 
  curve 
  of 
  the 
  

   shore, 
  and 
  about 
  300 
  yards 
  east 
  of 
  it 
  is 
  the 
  yard 
  of 
  Arkison 
  Bros. 
  

   The 
  former 
  is 
  no 
  longer 
  in 
  operation. 
  Both 
  these 
  firms 
  obtain 
  

   their 
  clay 
  from 
  different 
  faces 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  hill. 
  The 
  clay, 
  which 
  

   is 
  fairly 
  dry, 
  is 
  mined 
  with 
  plows 
  and 
  scrapers. 
  It 
  is 
  blue 
  and 
  

   yellow, 
  from 
  70 
  to 
  80 
  feet 
  thick, 
  overlain 
  by 
  2 
  feet 
  of 
  loam, 
  and 
  

   underlain 
  by 
  grayish 
  black 
  sand. 
  

  

  W. 
  E. 
  Bartlett's 
  brick 
  yard 
  is 
  also 
  situated 
  along 
  the 
  shore, 
  

   about 
  one 
  quarter 
  of 
  a 
  mile 
  north 
  of 
  Hudson. 
  The 
  clay 
  is 
  similar 
  to 
  

   that 
  farther 
  do^vn 
  at 
  Fitzgerald's. 
  Scrubby 
  pines 
  cover 
  the 
  sur- 
  

   face 
  at 
  this 
  locality. 
  The 
  bank 
  is 
  worked 
  in 
  benches. 
  Ring 
  pits 
  

   are 
  used 
  for 
  tempering. 
  

  

  Stuyvesantj 
  Columbia 
  co. 
  Walsh 
  Bros, 
  have 
  two 
  yards 
  situ- 
  

   ated 
  along 
  the 
  river 
  midway 
  between 
  Stuyvesant 
  and 
  Coxsackie. 
  

   All 
  the 
  clay 
  thus 
  far 
  mined 
  is 
  yellow 
  in 
  color, 
  very 
  tough 
  and 
  un- 
  

  

  