﻿706 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  readied. 
  It 
  contains 
  several 
  veins 
  of 
  fine 
  sand. 
  Both 
  yellow 
  and 
  

   blue 
  clay 
  are 
  present. 
  At 
  the 
  south 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  yard 
  the 
  escarpment 
  

   of 
  the 
  terrace 
  is 
  drift 
  containing 
  small 
  boulders. 
  The 
  tempering 
  

   sand 
  is 
  obtained 
  from 
  this 
  bank. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  outcrops 
  of 
  clay 
  on 
  the 
  land 
  of 
  Mr 
  Bronk, 
  to 
  the 
  

   north 
  of 
  Corwin 
  & 
  CuUough's 
  yard; 
  also 
  on 
  the 
  Lawson 
  property 
  

   to 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  white 
  iron 
  bridge 
  crossing 
  Coeymans 
  creek. 
  This 
  

   latter 
  locality 
  lies 
  some 
  800 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  river, 
  and 
  would 
  be 
  

   somewhat 
  more 
  expensive 
  to 
  work. 
  Again, 
  on 
  Main 
  street, 
  just 
  

   south 
  of 
  the 
  residence 
  of 
  Miss 
  Wolf, 
  there 
  is 
  an 
  exposure 
  of 
  clay 
  on 
  

   the 
  hillside 
  some 
  400 
  feet 
  from 
  the 
  river. 
  

  

  Albany, 
  Albany 
  co. 
  There 
  are 
  several 
  yards 
  situated 
  on 
  the 
  

   outskirts 
  of 
  the 
  city. 
  The 
  clay 
  banks, 
  which 
  are 
  all 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  

   nature, 
  belong 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  estuary 
  formation, 
  being 
  strati- 
  

   fied 
  and 
  blue 
  or 
  gray 
  in 
  color 
  with 
  the 
  upper 
  portions 
  weathered 
  

   yellow 
  or 
  red. 
  M. 
  H. 
  Bender's^ 
  yard 
  is 
  on 
  Delaware 
  avenue, 
  near 
  

   Dove 
  street. 
  He 
  manufactures 
  common 
  and 
  pressed 
  brick, 
  and 
  drain 
  

   tile. 
  The 
  upper 
  loamy 
  clay 
  can 
  be 
  used 
  only 
  for 
  common 
  brick; 
  

   the 
  lower 
  blue 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  yellow 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  other 
  

   products. 
  Auger 
  machines 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  better 
  grade 
  brick 
  and 
  

   tile, 
  and 
  the 
  latter 
  are 
  made 
  of 
  several 
  sizes. 
  Scove-kilns 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  

   burning 
  the 
  brick 
  and 
  down-draft 
  kilns 
  for 
  the 
  tile. 
  The 
  latter 
  

   kilns 
  hold 
  60,000 
  small 
  size 
  tiles 
  or 
  35,000 
  assorted 
  size. 
  It 
  takes 
  

   three 
  wheelers 
  and 
  two 
  setters 
  two 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  days 
  to 
  fill 
  the 
  kiln, 
  

   and 
  burning 
  occupies 
  four 
  days. 
  The 
  tiles 
  after 
  molding 
  are 
  first 
  

   dried 
  on 
  shelves 
  under 
  a 
  closed 
  shed. 
  

  

  Adjoining 
  Bender's 
  yard 
  are 
  those 
  of 
  J. 
  Babcock, 
  E. 
  Smith, 
  J. 
  

   C. 
  Moore 
  and 
  D. 
  H. 
  Stanwix.-^ 
  They 
  make 
  common 
  brick 
  chiefly, 
  

   and 
  their 
  clay 
  banks 
  are 
  the 
  same 
  as 
  Bender's. 
  All 
  are 
  open 
  yards. 
  

  

  T. 
  McCarthy's^ 
  yard 
  is 
  situated 
  on 
  First 
  avenue. 
  The 
  clay 
  bank 
  

   is 
  about 
  15 
  feet 
  thick 
  and 
  covers 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  about 
  10 
  acres. 
  It 
  is 
  

   chiefly 
  blue. 
  The 
  stripping 
  is 
  a 
  light 
  soil 
  and 
  sand 
  underlies 
  the 
  

   clay. 
  The 
  bricks 
  are 
  manufactured 
  by 
  the 
  soft 
  mud 
  process. 
  

  

  1 
  Since 
  this 
  report 
  was 
  written 
  the 
  Bender, 
  Stanwix 
  and 
  McCarthy 
  yards 
  

   are 
  closed. 
  

  

  