﻿726 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  An 
  analysis 
  of 
  this 
  clay 
  made 
  by 
  C. 
  Richardson 
  in 
  the 
  office 
  of 
  

   the 
  engineering 
  commissioners, 
  at 
  Washington, 
  showed: 
  

  

  Silica 
  , 
  64.45 
  

  

  Alumina 
  17 
  . 
  YY 
  

  

  Peroxid 
  of 
  iron 
  7 
  . 
  04 
  

  

  Lime 
  .68 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  ). 
  ., 
  1 
  . 
  85 
  

  

  Potash 
  2.62 
  

  

  Soda 
  1.95 
  

  

  Insol. 
  in 
  acid 
  88 
  . 
  74 
  

  

  W. 
  H. 
  Signer 
  owns 
  the 
  other 
  yard 
  at 
  Hornellsville. 
  His 
  clay 
  

   bank 
  is 
  owned 
  by 
  M. 
  Adsit. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  shallow 
  deposit, 
  not 
  over 
  7 
  feet 
  

   thick 
  and 
  underlain 
  by 
  quicksand, 
  the 
  latter 
  allowing 
  the 
  inflow 
  

   of 
  water 
  from 
  the 
  neighboring 
  stream. 
  The 
  bricks 
  are 
  molded 
  by 
  

   an 
  auger 
  machine, 
  dried 
  in 
  the 
  sun 
  and 
  burnt 
  in 
  scove-kilns, 
  the 
  

   burning 
  occupying 
  about 
  seven 
  days. 
  

  

  Alfred, 
  Steuben 
  co. 
  Alfred 
  clay 
  co. 
  This 
  is 
  another 
  yard 
  

   using 
  a 
  shale, 
  which 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  geologic 
  horizon 
  as 
  that 
  at 
  

   Hornellsville. 
  The 
  works 
  are 
  on 
  the 
  Erie 
  railroad 
  a 
  few 
  hundred 
  

   yards 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  station. 
  They 
  have 
  but 
  recently 
  commenced 
  

   operations. 
  A 
  semi-dry 
  clay 
  brick 
  is 
  made. 
  To 
  dampen 
  the 
  ground 
  

   clay, 
  it 
  is 
  discharged 
  from 
  the 
  hopper 
  into 
  a 
  long 
  box 
  of 
  square 
  cross- 
  

   section 
  in 
  which 
  a 
  worm 
  screw 
  revolves. 
  The 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  screw 
  is 
  

   hollow 
  and 
  has 
  nipples 
  projecting 
  into 
  the 
  tube 
  three 
  fourths 
  of 
  an 
  

   inch, 
  so 
  that, 
  if 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  steam 
  which 
  is 
  injected 
  to 
  dampen 
  the 
  

   clay 
  condenses, 
  it 
  will 
  not 
  escape 
  into 
  the 
  clay. 
  The 
  shale 
  used 
  is 
  

   mined 
  near 
  the 
  yard 
  and 
  hauled 
  in 
  carts 
  to 
  the 
  dry 
  pan. 
  Burning 
  

   is 
  done 
  in 
  a 
  continuous 
  kiln. 
  

  

  Big 
  flats, 
  Chemung 
  co. 
  ISTear 
  tlie 
  village 
  is 
  an 
  extensive 
  bed 
  of 
  

   clay 
  owned 
  by 
  J. 
  E. 
  Lowe. 
  It 
  underlies 
  an 
  area 
  of 
  about 
  60 
  acres. 
  

   Excavations 
  have 
  been 
  carried 
  to 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  15 
  feet 
  without 
  reach- 
  

   ing 
  the 
  bottom 
  of 
  the 
  deposit. 
  The 
  clay 
  is 
  of 
  a 
  bluish 
  gray 
  color. 
  

  

  