﻿738 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  3MUSEUM 
  

  

  depth 
  of 
  40 
  feet 
  at 
  least, 
  below 
  this, 
  as 
  shown 
  by 
  borings. 
  A 
  sam- 
  

   ple 
  from 
  the 
  upper 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  bank 
  showed 
  the 
  following 
  composi- 
  

   tion: 
  

  

  Silica 
  53 
  . 
  77 
  

  

  Alumina 
  20 
  . 
  49 
  

  

  Peroxid 
  of 
  iron 
  9.23 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  4.22 
  

  

  Lime 
  2 
  . 
  04 
  

  

  Alkalis 
  9.60 
  

  

  99.35 
  

  

  The 
  clay, 
  which 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  improve 
  with 
  the 
  depth, 
  is 
  worked 
  

   by 
  undermining. 
  It 
  is 
  then 
  loaded 
  on 
  carts 
  and 
  hauled 
  about 
  

   200 
  feet 
  to 
  a 
  platform, 
  underneath 
  which 
  cars 
  are 
  run 
  to 
  receive 
  

   the 
  clay 
  and 
  sand. 
  These 
  cars, 
  in 
  trains 
  of 
  three 
  or 
  four, 
  are 
  

   drawn 
  to 
  the 
  yard 
  by 
  four 
  horses, 
  the 
  grade 
  being 
  slightly 
  descend- 
  

   ing. 
  Tempering 
  is 
  done 
  in 
  large 
  rectangular 
  soak 
  pits; 
  open 
  yards 
  

   are 
  used 
  for 
  drying 
  the 
  brick, 
  or 
  it 
  is 
  done 
  on 
  pallets. 
  A 
  small 
  

   quantity 
  of 
  hematite 
  is 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  molding 
  sand. 
  The 
  bricks 
  are 
  

   burnt 
  in 
  scove-kilns 
  with 
  wood. 
  Most 
  of 
  the 
  product 
  goes 
  to 
  Con- 
  

   necticut 
  and 
  Hhode 
  Island. 
  

  

  Farmingdalej 
  Suffolk 
  co. 
  M. 
  Meyers's 
  yard 
  lies 
  about 
  1 
  mile 
  

   north 
  of 
  the 
  village, 
  along 
  the 
  southern 
  edge 
  of 
  the 
  moraine, 
  on 
  

   a 
  branch 
  track 
  of 
  the 
  railroad. 
  The 
  clay 
  pit 
  is 
  some 
  300 
  feet 
  from 
  

   the 
  yard, 
  and 
  several 
  feet 
  lower. 
  The 
  clay 
  is 
  chiefly 
  a 
  reddish 
  yellow 
  

   and 
  very 
  plastic, 
  but 
  tough 
  in 
  places. 
  The 
  lower 
  portions 
  are 
  

   quite 
  free 
  from 
  sand. 
  Mr. 
  Meyers 
  claims 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  at 
  least 
  25 
  

   feet 
  of 
  clay 
  in 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  10 
  feet 
  exposed. 
  At 
  the 
  entrance 
  to 
  

   the 
  pit 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  underlain 
  by 
  a 
  bluish 
  white 
  micaceous 
  

   sand, 
  which 
  is 
  cross-bedded 
  and 
  dips 
  under 
  the 
  clay 
  at 
  a 
  very 
  steep 
  

   angle. 
  Hauling 
  the 
  clay 
  is 
  done 
  in 
  carts, 
  the 
  tempering 
  in 
  ring 
  pits 
  

   with 
  the 
  addition 
  of 
  sand 
  and 
  coal 
  dust. 
  Soft 
  mud 
  machines 
  are 
  

   used, 
  and 
  the 
  drying 
  is 
  done 
  on 
  pallets. 
  The 
  pallet 
  racks 
  have 
  

  

  