﻿« 
  

  

  742 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  clay 
  became 
  incipiently 
  fused; 
  the 
  color 
  was 
  yellowisli 
  white. 
  At 
  

   the 
  latter 
  it 
  had 
  deepened 
  in 
  color, 
  and 
  began 
  to 
  assume 
  a 
  reddish 
  

   hue 
  on 
  the 
  approach 
  of 
  vitrification. 
  It 
  fused 
  at 
  cone 
  10. 
  

  

  This 
  clay 
  is 
  used 
  for 
  making 
  front 
  brick 
  by 
  the 
  dry 
  press 
  process. 
  

   It 
  is 
  doubtful 
  however 
  if 
  it 
  would 
  work 
  in 
  a 
  stiff 
  mud 
  machine 
  

   without 
  tearing 
  as 
  it 
  issued 
  from 
  the 
  die. 
  

   The 
  clay 
  contains 
  .15^ 
  of 
  soluble 
  salts. 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  analysis 
  waJs 
  made 
  by 
  H. 
  Ries 
  from 
  a 
  sample 
  col- 
  

   lected 
  in 
  1899 
  

  

  Silica 
  60.20 
  

  

  Alumina 
  ., 
  23.07 
  

  

  Terric 
  oxid 
  1.45 
  

  

  lime 
  , 
  ., 
  1.20 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  tr 
  

  

  Alkalis 
  . 
  . 
  3.05 
  

  

  Loss 
  on 
  ign 
  10 
  . 
  10 
  

  

  99.07 
  

  

  Staten 
  Island 
  has 
  two 
  yards 
  where 
  comanon 
  brick 
  are 
  manu- 
  

   factured. 
  One 
  belongs 
  to 
  McOabe 
  Bros, 
  at 
  Greenridge. 
  Their 
  

   deposit 
  is 
  a 
  stony 
  glacial 
  clay 
  of 
  a 
  red 
  color, 
  and 
  lies 
  to 
  the 
  north- 
  

   west 
  of 
  the 
  yard. 
  Small 
  boulders 
  are 
  scattered 
  sparingly 
  through 
  

   it; 
  the 
  upper 
  portion 
  is 
  somewhat 
  loamy. 
  Borings 
  have 
  penetrated 
  

   the 
  clay 
  to 
  a 
  depth 
  of 
  25 
  feet 
  and 
  stratification 
  appears 
  with 
  the 
  

   depth. 
  'No 
  sand 
  or 
  coal 
  is 
  added 
  to 
  the 
  clay 
  in 
  tempering. 
  It 
  is 
  

   first 
  passed 
  through 
  rolls 
  2 
  feet 
  in 
  diameter, 
  the 
  one 
  making 
  60, 
  the 
  

   other 
  600 
  revolutions 
  a 
  minute, 
  and 
  having 
  an 
  opening 
  of 
  half 
  an 
  

   inch. 
  This 
  partially 
  breaks 
  up 
  the 
  stones. 
  The 
  crushed 
  material 
  

   falls 
  on 
  a 
  belt 
  and 
  is 
  carried 
  up 
  to 
  a 
  pug 
  mill, 
  where 
  the 
  water 
  is 
  

   added 
  before 
  it 
  passes 
  to 
  the 
  machine. 
  Drying 
  the 
  bricks 
  is 
  done 
  

   either 
  in 
  the 
  sun 
  or 
  in 
  tunnels. 
  In 
  the 
  latter 
  the 
  bricks 
  shrink 
  

   more. 
  The 
  tunnels 
  are 
  heated 
  by 
  coal 
  fires. 
  "Wood 
  is 
  used 
  for 
  

   burning. 
  The 
  kiln 
  settles 
  about 
  4 
  inches. 
  The 
  products 
  go 
  to 
  

   Xew 
  York 
  city 
  and 
  the 
  vicinity. 
  

  

  