﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  757 
  

  

  Experiments 
  made 
  with 
  a 
  sample 
  of 
  it 
  showed 
  that 
  28;^ 
  of 
  water 
  

   was 
  needed 
  to 
  work 
  up 
  the 
  air-dried 
  material, 
  but 
  in 
  actual 
  practice 
  

   the 
  clay 
  is 
  so 
  moist 
  when 
  it 
  reaches 
  the 
  factory 
  that 
  little 
  water 
  has 
  

   to 
  be 
  mixed 
  with 
  it. 
  The 
  air 
  shrinkage 
  is 
  6^. 
  At 
  incipient 
  fusion, 
  

   which 
  occurs 
  at 
  cone 
  .05, 
  the 
  total 
  shrinkage 
  is 
  7^. 
  Vitrification 
  

   occurs 
  at 
  cone 
  1 
  with 
  11;^ 
  shrinkage; 
  this 
  agreeing 
  quite 
  closely 
  

   with 
  the 
  amount 
  that 
  takes 
  place 
  in 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  the 
  brick. 
  

   At 
  cone 
  3 
  the 
  clay 
  became 
  viscous. 
  

  

  The 
  tensile 
  strength 
  of 
  the 
  air-dried 
  briquettes 
  ranges 
  from 
  60 
  

   to 
  70 
  pounds 
  a 
  square 
  inch. 
  The 
  clay 
  contains 
  .55^ 
  of 
  soluble 
  

   salts. 
  As 
  the 
  bricks 
  are 
  burned 
  to 
  vitrification 
  these 
  do 
  not 
  produce 
  

   any 
  harmful 
  results. 
  

  

  The 
  bricks 
  are 
  molded 
  either 
  in 
  a 
  Penfield 
  soft 
  mud 
  machine 
  

   or 
  in 
  a 
  stifi 
  mud 
  plunger 
  machine, 
  in 
  which 
  case 
  they 
  are 
  re- 
  

   pressed. 
  The 
  works 
  are 
  equipped 
  with 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  drying 
  

   tunnels, 
  and 
  both 
  rectangular 
  and 
  circular 
  kilns 
  of 
  the 
  down-draft 
  

   type. 
  

  

  Samples 
  of 
  the 
  product 
  tested 
  from 
  time 
  to 
  time 
  show 
  a 
  high 
  

   crushing 
  strength 
  and 
  very 
  low 
  absorption. 
  

  

  Many 
  of 
  the 
  streets 
  in 
  Syracuse 
  are 
  paved 
  with 
  brick 
  from 
  this 
  

   factory. 
  They 
  have 
  also 
  been 
  used 
  at 
  other 
  places. 
  

  

  / 
  

  

  