﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  769 
  

  

  Elbows 
  and 
  Y's 
  are 
  made 
  by 
  molding 
  the 
  clays 
  in 
  plaster 
  molds; 
  

   or 
  in 
  tbe 
  case 
  of 
  Y's 
  and 
  T's, 
  straight 
  pieces 
  of 
  pipe 
  are 
  sometimes 
  

   trimmed 
  to 
  fit 
  together 
  in 
  the 
  desired 
  shape 
  and 
  the 
  parts 
  cemented 
  

   by 
  slip. 
  Such 
  complicated 
  pieces 
  need 
  to 
  be 
  dried 
  more 
  slowly. 
  

  

  Sewer 
  pipe 
  are 
  made 
  from 
  2 
  to 
  2i 
  feet 
  in 
  length; 
  the 
  diameter 
  

   ranges 
  from 
  3 
  to 
  30 
  inches. 
  

  

  New 
  York 
  sewer 
  pipe 
  industry 
  

  

  Angola. 
  John 
  Lyth 
  & 
  Sons. 
  The 
  works 
  are 
  situated 
  along 
  the 
  

   Lake 
  Shore 
  railroad 
  some 
  few 
  hundred 
  feet 
  southwest 
  of 
  the 
  sta- 
  

   tion. 
  The 
  material 
  used 
  is 
  the 
  Portage 
  shale, 
  of 
  a 
  gray 
  color 
  and 
  

   containing 
  streaks 
  of 
  bituminous 
  matter. 
  It 
  is 
  mined 
  about 
  200 
  

   feet 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  factory. 
  A. 
  small 
  blast 
  serves 
  to 
  loosen 
  a 
  large 
  

   quantity 
  of 
  it. 
  A 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  bank 
  is 
  roofed 
  over 
  to 
  protect 
  the 
  

   workmen 
  in 
  winter. 
  Cars 
  drawn 
  by 
  horses 
  convey 
  the 
  shale 
  to 
  

   the 
  dry 
  pans, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  ground 
  to 
  a 
  fine 
  powder 
  and 
  then 
  farther 
  

   ground 
  with 
  the 
  addition 
  of 
  water 
  in 
  a 
  wet 
  pan. 
  The 
  tempered 
  

   material 
  is 
  carried 
  in 
  a 
  bucket 
  ladder 
  to 
  the 
  upper 
  floor 
  of 
  the 
  

   building, 
  where 
  it 
  is 
  fed 
  into 
  the 
  sewer 
  pipe 
  press. 
  

  

  The 
  composition 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  used 
  at 
  Angola 
  is 
  

  

  Silica 
  65.15 
  

  

  Alumina 
  15 
  . 
  29 
  

  

  Oxid 
  of 
  iron 
  6.16 
  

  

  Lime 
  3.50 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  1 
  . 
  57 
  

  

  Alkalis 
  5 
  .71 
  

  

  97.38 
  

  

  At 
  the 
  present 
  time 
  hollow 
  brick 
  and 
  terra 
  cotta 
  lumber 
  form 
  

   the 
  chief 
  product 
  of 
  the 
  factory. 
  

  

  Rochester. 
  Otis 
  & 
  Gorsline 
  use 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  ]^ew 
  Jersey 
  fire 
  

   clay 
  and 
  Quaternary 
  clay 
  obtained 
  from 
  Chili, 
  near 
  Rochester. 
  

   The 
  method 
  of 
  manufacture 
  followed 
  by 
  them 
  is 
  very 
  similai- 
  to 
  

   that 
  at 
  Angola. 
  Rectangular 
  kilns 
  are 
  however 
  used 
  for 
  burning^ 
  

   which 
  takes 
  about 
  one 
  week. 
  

  

  