﻿770 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  Sewer 
  pipe 
  are 
  also 
  manufactured 
  at 
  Albany 
  and 
  Troy 
  but 
  from 
  

   'New 
  Jersey 
  clays. 
  

  

  Drain 
  tile 
  

  

  A 
  clay 
  that 
  is 
  capable 
  of 
  making 
  good 
  building 
  brick 
  will 
  

   usually 
  make 
  a 
  good 
  drain 
  tile. 
  That 
  is 
  to 
  say, 
  a 
  plastic 
  clay 
  

   and 
  one 
  that 
  will 
  burn 
  to 
  a 
  tough 
  product. 
  Unlike 
  bricks, 
  tile 
  

   may 
  be 
  somewhat 
  porous 
  in 
  its 
  character. 
  It 
  is 
  of 
  importance 
  

   that 
  the 
  clay 
  should 
  be 
  thoroughly 
  tempered 
  before 
  molding. 
  

   The 
  latter 
  is, 
  in 
  most 
  instances, 
  done 
  with 
  some 
  form 
  of 
  stiff 
  mud 
  

   machine, 
  the 
  clay 
  being 
  forced 
  out 
  through 
  a 
  die 
  of 
  desired 
  pat- 
  

   tern; 
  the 
  cylinder 
  of 
  clay 
  as 
  it 
  issues 
  from 
  the 
  machine 
  is 
  cut 
  

   up 
  into 
  desired 
  lengths. 
  Drying 
  is 
  sometimes 
  done 
  on 
  pallets 
  

   such 
  as 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  common 
  brick, 
  or 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  done 
  under 
  in- 
  

   closed 
  sheds. 
  The 
  drain 
  tile 
  should 
  be 
  thoroughly 
  dry 
  before 
  

   being 
  set 
  in 
  the 
  kiln. 
  Burning 
  is 
  done 
  in 
  ordinary 
  scove-kilns, 
  

   clamps 
  or 
  down-draft 
  kilns. 
  The 
  smaller 
  tile 
  are 
  set 
  in 
  the 
  lower 
  

   portions 
  of 
  the 
  kiln 
  and 
  around 
  the 
  sides, 
  while 
  the 
  larger 
  ones 
  

   are 
  set 
  in 
  the 
  center. 
  Very 
  often 
  when 
  several 
  sizes 
  are 
  burned 
  

   at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  they 
  are 
  nested, 
  the 
  smaller 
  ones 
  being 
  set 
  within 
  

   the 
  larger. 
  

  

  The 
  dimensions 
  of 
  cyhndric 
  tile 
  usually 
  run: 
  

  

  Diameter 
  

  

  2 
  inches 
  

  

  Length 
  

  

  13 
  inches 
  

  

  Weight 
  by 
  piece 
  

  

  3 
  J 
  pounds 
  

  

  3 
  " 
  

  

  a 
  

  

  

  6 
  

  

  

  4 
  " 
  

  

  ii 
  

  

  

  9 
  

  

  

  5 
  

  

  24 
  

  

  

  18 
  

  

  

  6 
  " 
  

  

  ii 
  

  

  

  24 
  

  

  

  8 
  ", 
  

  

  ii 
  

  

  

  30 
  

  

  

  The 
  styles 
  of 
  drain 
  tile 
  made 
  are 
  as 
  follows 
  : 
  

  

  Horseshoe 
  tile, 
  having 
  cross-section 
  shape 
  of 
  a 
  horseshoe 
  

  

  Sole 
  tile, 
  cylindrical 
  with 
  a 
  flat 
  base 
  

  

  Pipe 
  tile, 
  plain 
  cylinder 
  

  

  Flange 
  tile, 
  like 
  the 
  preceding 
  but 
  with 
  the 
  flange 
  at 
  one 
  end 
  

  

  