﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  

  

  Y83 
  

  

  The 
  following 
  figures 
  indicate 
  the 
  fusibility 
  of 
  several 
  well 
  

   known 
  American 
  fire 
  clays, 
  the 
  fusion 
  points 
  being 
  expressed 
  in 
  

   terms 
  of 
  Seger's 
  cones. 
  For 
  comparative 
  purposes 
  the 
  refractori- 
  

   ness 
  of 
  several 
  standard 
  European 
  clays 
  are 
  given.^ 
  

  

  1 
  Kreischerville, 
  l!^. 
  Y. 
  white 
  clay 
  35+ 
  

  

  2 
  St 
  Louis, 
  Mo. 
  Chiistie 
  raw 
  clay 
  31-30 
  

  

  3 
  Golden, 
  Col 
  32-31 
  

  

  4 
  Mineralpoint, 
  33 
  

  

  5 
  Mt 
  Savage, 
  Md. 
  (hard) 
  34-35 
  

  

  6 
  Sa}Teville, 
  ^". 
  J 
  • 
  • 
  35 
  

  

  Refractory 
  clay 
  products 
  

  

  Fire 
  bricks. 
  These 
  are 
  the 
  commonest 
  fire 
  clay 
  products, 
  since 
  

   most 
  of 
  the 
  refractory 
  clay 
  mined 
  is 
  used 
  for 
  this 
  purpose. 
  They 
  

   are 
  utilized 
  in 
  many 
  different 
  Avays; 
  consequently 
  not 
  only 
  the 
  

   shape 
  but 
  also 
  the 
  quality 
  varies. 
  In 
  certain 
  cases 
  the 
  brick 
  has 
  

   to 
  withstand 
  high 
  temperature, 
  in 
  otliers 
  corrosion 
  by 
  molten 
  ma- 
  

   terials, 
  while 
  again 
  in 
  other 
  situations 
  resistance 
  to 
  abrasion 
  is 
  

   required. 
  

  

  The 
  bricks 
  set 
  in 
  the 
  upper 
  part 
  of 
  a 
  blast 
  furnace 
  must 
  resist 
  

   abrasion, 
  those 
  in 
  the 
  boshes 
  must 
  resist 
  corrosion, 
  and 
  the 
  same 
  

   condition 
  must 
  be 
  complied 
  with 
  in 
  glass 
  pots. 
  

  

  An 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  shapes 
  and 
  sizes 
  of 
  fire 
  brick 
  manu- 
  

   factured 
  can 
  be 
  gained 
  from 
  the 
  statement 
  that 
  one 
  large 
  steel 
  

   ■company 
  in 
  this 
  country 
  uses 
  200 
  different 
  ones. 
  

  

  Many 
  fire 
  bricks 
  are 
  used 
  for 
  lining 
  coke 
  ovens. 
  For 
  such 
  ser- 
  

   vice 
  it 
  is 
  highly 
  essential 
  that 
  they 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  withstand 
  sudden 
  

   changes 
  of 
  temperature 
  and 
  not 
  crack 
  when 
  the 
  coke 
  oven 
  is 
  

   watered 
  down 
  after 
  burning. 
  The 
  degree 
  of 
  heat 
  which 
  such 
  

   brick 
  are 
  subjected 
  to 
  is 
  not 
  very 
  high. 
  E^one 
  are 
  made 
  in 
  'New 
  

   York 
  state. 
  

  

  1 
  No. 
  1 
  tested 
  by 
  the 
  writer. 
  The 
  others 
  by 
  H. 
  0. 
  Hofman. 
  Trans. 
  Amer. 
  

   inat. 
  min. 
  eng. 
  25 
  : 
  14. 
  

  

  