﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  N^W 
  YOEK 
  819 
  

  

  Tliis 
  clay 
  is 
  used 
  chiefly 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  stoneware, 
  being 
  

   shipped 
  to 
  various 
  cities 
  in 
  Connecticut 
  and 
  ]^ew 
  York 
  states. 
  It 
  

   is 
  also 
  used 
  by 
  Perkins 
  & 
  Pit 
  of 
  Stamford, 
  Ct., 
  for 
  the 
  manu- 
  

   facture 
  of 
  stove 
  linings. 
  In 
  the 
  latter 
  case 
  about 
  15^ 
  of 
  it 
  is 
  mixed 
  

   with 
  "New 
  Jersey 
  clay. 
  Under 
  an 
  ordinary 
  fire 
  this 
  clay 
  burns 
  to 
  a 
  

   light 
  color, 
  but 
  with 
  a 
  hard 
  fire 
  it 
  is 
  said 
  to 
  blacken. 
  The 
  fire 
  sand 
  

   found 
  associated 
  with 
  this 
  clay 
  bears 
  a 
  most 
  excellent 
  reputation 
  as 
  

   regards 
  its 
  refractory 
  qualities. 
  

  

  Giving 
  to 
  litigation 
  the 
  clay 
  deposit 
  of 
  Carpenter 
  Bros, 
  has 
  been 
  

   inactive 
  for 
  several 
  years, 
  but 
  work 
  on 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  resumed 
  again 
  this 
  

   summer. 
  An 
  analysis 
  of 
  the 
  material 
  is 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  table 
  of 
  

   analyses 
  below. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  spring 
  of 
  1898 
  a 
  new 
  deposit 
  was 
  opened 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  

   shore 
  of 
  Mosquito 
  inlet 
  almost 
  directly 
  opposite 
  Carpenter's 
  pit. 
  

   It 
  is 
  said 
  that 
  this 
  deposit 
  is 
  fully 
  30 
  feet 
  deep. 
  It 
  is 
  on 
  the 
  property 
  

   of 
  Mrs 
  Helen 
  McKenzie. 
  A 
  sample 
  of 
  this 
  clay 
  was 
  collected 
  for 
  

   physical 
  examination. 
  It 
  is 
  sandy 
  and 
  grayish, 
  quite 
  different 
  in 
  

   appearance 
  from 
  that 
  found 
  in 
  Carpenter's 
  pit. 
  When 
  mixed 
  with 
  

   32 
  . 
  40.^ 
  of 
  water 
  it 
  gave 
  a 
  very 
  plastic 
  mass, 
  but 
  owing 
  to 
  the 
  large 
  

   amount 
  of 
  organic 
  matter 
  which 
  it 
  contained 
  it 
  was 
  impossible 
  to 
  

   form 
  briquettes 
  not 
  free 
  from 
  flaws, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  tensile 
  strength 
  was 
  

   only 
  42 
  pounds 
  a 
  square 
  inch 
  as 
  a 
  minimum, 
  with 
  50 
  pounds 
  maxi- 
  

   mum, 
  which 
  is 
  undoubtedly 
  low. 
  

  

  The 
  air 
  shrinkage 
  of 
  the 
  bricklets 
  was 
  8^. 
  At 
  2200 
  degrees 
  

   F. 
  the 
  total 
  shrinkage 
  was 
  ISfc, 
  and 
  the 
  clay 
  had 
  become 
  thoroughly 
  

   dense. 
  Viscosity 
  occun-ed 
  at 
  cone 
  27 
  in 
  the 
  Deville 
  furnace. 
  

   The 
  color 
  when 
  burned 
  to 
  vitrification 
  is 
  buff, 
  but 
  at 
  viscosity 
  the 
  

   clay 
  burns 
  reddish. 
  The 
  mechanical 
  analysis 
  of 
  the 
  clay 
  showed: 
  

  

  Clay 
  substance 
  85 
  

  

  Silt 
  3 
  

  

  Very 
  fine 
  sand 
  3 
  

  

  Fine 
  sand 
  G 
  

  

  97 
  

   Balance 
  mostly 
  organic 
  matter 
  

  

  