﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  Ts^EW 
  YORK 
  829 
  

  

  The 
  sliale 
  is 
  also 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  ra^^nes 
  and 
  gorges, 
  

   from 
  Rochester 
  to 
  the 
  ISTiagara 
  river. 
  

  

  Salina. 
  The 
  shales 
  of 
  this 
  fomiation 
  are 
  contained 
  in 
  a 
  belt 
  

   extending 
  from 
  Syracuse 
  westward 
  along 
  the 
  line 
  of 
  the 
  Xew 
  York 
  

   central 
  railroad 
  to 
  Buffalo. 
  As 
  a 
  rule 
  they 
  are 
  extremely 
  impure 
  

   and 
  at 
  times 
  even 
  marly. 
  They 
  are 
  soft 
  shales, 
  w^hich 
  weather 
  very 
  

   easily, 
  and 
  are 
  generally 
  red 
  or 
  green 
  in 
  color 
  and 
  contain 
  the 
  beds 
  

   of 
  gypsum 
  and 
  salt. 
  

  

  The 
  Salina 
  shales 
  are 
  well 
  exposed 
  at 
  Warner, 
  near 
  Syracuse, 
  

   where 
  they 
  are 
  utilized 
  for 
  making 
  brick. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  Hall 
  says 
  of 
  the 
  Salina 
  or 
  salt 
  gToup 
  {Geology 
  of 
  the 
  

   Jfth 
  district 
  of 
  Neio 
  York. 
  p. 
  117), 
  that 
  it 
  forms 
  an 
  immense 
  

   development 
  of 
  shaly 
  marls 
  and 
  limestones, 
  with 
  interbedded 
  de- 
  

   posits 
  of 
  gypsum. 
  The 
  formation 
  extends 
  from 
  Syracuse 
  westward 
  

   through 
  southern 
  Wayne 
  co., 
  and 
  northern 
  Ontario 
  and 
  Seneca 
  

   CO., 
  northern 
  Genesee 
  and 
  Erie 
  co. 
  and 
  a 
  small 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  southern 
  

   portion 
  of 
  Niagara. 
  This 
  group 
  contains 
  important 
  shale 
  beds, 
  

   though 
  they 
  are 
  unfortunately 
  very 
  calcareous 
  at 
  times 
  and 
  conse- 
  

   quently 
  require 
  careful 
  manipulation. 
  

  

  The 
  red 
  shale 
  forming 
  the 
  lower 
  divisions 
  of 
  the 
  group 
  was 
  not 
  

   observed 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Genesee 
  river. 
  It 
  appears 
  in 
  eastern 
  Wayne 
  

   CO., 
  as 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  deep 
  red 
  color 
  of 
  the 
  soil 
  overlying 
  it. 
  

   At 
  Lockville 
  the 
  gTeenisb 
  blue 
  marl 
  with 
  bands 
  of 
  red 
  has 
  been 
  

   quarried 
  from 
  the 
  bed 
  of 
  the 
  canal. 
  West 
  of 
  tbe 
  Genesee 
  this 
  is 
  

   the 
  lowest 
  visible 
  mass; 
  the 
  red 
  shale 
  has 
  either 
  thinned 
  out 
  or 
  

   lost 
  its 
  color, 
  becoming 
  gradually 
  a 
  bluish 
  gTeen; 
  while 
  otherwise 
  

   the 
  lithologic 
  character 
  remains 
  the 
  same. 
  On 
  first 
  exposure 
  it 
  is 
  

   compact 
  and 
  brittle, 
  presenting 
  an 
  earthy 
  fracture, 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  days 
  

   are 
  sufficient 
  to 
  commence 
  the 
  work 
  of 
  destruction, 
  which 
  goes 
  on 
  

   till 
  the 
  whole 
  is 
  resolved 
  into 
  a 
  clayey 
  mass. 
  

  

  The 
  green 
  marl 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  division 
  appears 
  near 
  the 
  canal 
  at 
  

   Fairport 
  and 
  again 
  at 
  Cartersville. 
  The 
  bed 
  of 
  the 
  stream 
  at 
  

   Churchville 
  shows 
  the 
  greenish 
  blue 
  marl. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  prevailing 
  features 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  division 
  of 
  this 
  group," 
  

  

  