﻿838 
  ^^EW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  The 
  composition 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  according 
  to 
  an 
  analysis 
  furnished 
  

   by 
  the 
  Celadon 
  terra 
  cotta 
  co., 
  of 
  Alfred 
  center, 
  is: 
  

  

  Silica 
  53.20 
  

  

  Alumina 
  23.25 
  

  

  Ferric 
  oxid 
  10.90 
  

  

  lime 
  1.01 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  62 
  

  

  Alkalis 
  2.69 
  

  

  Sulfuric 
  acid 
  41 
  

  

  Titanic 
  acid 
  91 
  

  

  Water 
  6.39 
  

  

  Manganese 
  oxid 
  52 
  

  

  99.90 
  

   Total 
  fluxing 
  impurities 
  15 
  . 
  Tji: 
  

  

  This 
  shale 
  corresponds 
  very 
  closely 
  in 
  composition 
  to 
  that 
  used 
  

   at 
  Kansas 
  City, 
  Mo.,-^ 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  paving 
  brick, 
  but 
  

   there 
  is 
  a 
  considerable 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  fusibility, 
  the 
  Missouri 
  shale 
  

   being 
  very 
  fine 
  and 
  consequently 
  more 
  fusible. 
  

  

  When 
  this 
  factory 
  was 
  first 
  started, 
  both 
  terra 
  cotta 
  and 
  roofing 
  

   tile 
  were 
  produced, 
  but 
  now 
  the 
  Celadon 
  terra 
  cotta 
  co. 
  confines 
  

   itself 
  entirely 
  to 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  vitrified 
  roofing 
  tile, 
  which 
  is 
  

   of 
  a 
  superior 
  quality, 
  and 
  bears 
  an 
  excellent 
  and 
  widespread 
  reputa- 
  

   tion. 
  At 
  first 
  a 
  mixture 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  shale 
  was 
  used, 
  but 
  now 
  the 
  

   latter 
  material 
  alone 
  is 
  found 
  sufficient; 
  the 
  shale 
  after 
  grinding 
  and 
  

   careful 
  tempering 
  is 
  molded 
  either 
  by 
  hand 
  or 
  steam 
  power 
  ma- 
  

   chines, 
  and 
  set 
  aside 
  to 
  dry 
  slowly. 
  The 
  tile 
  are 
  no 
  longer 
  burned 
  

   in 
  saggers 
  as 
  was 
  formerly 
  done, 
  but 
  are 
  placed 
  in 
  pockets 
  in 
  the 
  

   kiln. 
  The 
  shale 
  bums 
  to 
  a 
  tough, 
  cherry 
  red 
  body. 
  

  

  Alfred 
  Station. 
  A 
  bed 
  of 
  shale 
  is 
  worked 
  in 
  a 
  spur 
  of 
  the 
  hill 
  

   on 
  the 
  opposite 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  valley 
  from 
  the 
  station. 
  It 
  is 
  similar 
  to 
  

  

  ' 
  Mo. 
  geol. 
  sur. 
  11, 
  565. 
  

  

  