﻿CLAYS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  839 
  

  

  that 
  from 
  tlie 
  quarry 
  one 
  mile 
  nortli, 
  and 
  is 
  used 
  by 
  the 
  Alfred 
  clay 
  

   CO. 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  roofing 
  tile 
  and 
  dry 
  press 
  brick. 
  

  

  Hornellsville, 
  Steuben 
  co. 
  The 
  shale 
  at 
  this 
  locality 
  frequently 
  

   contains 
  interbedded 
  layers 
  of 
  sandstone, 
  which 
  are 
  separated 
  in 
  

   mining 
  without 
  much 
  trouble. 
  The 
  shale 
  is 
  rather 
  gritty, 
  and 
  on 
  the 
  

   addition 
  of 
  20^ 
  of 
  water 
  gave 
  a 
  lean, 
  workable 
  paste, 
  which 
  shrunk 
  

   2.7^ 
  in 
  drying 
  and 
  5.3^ 
  in 
  burning. 
  The 
  tensile 
  strength 
  of 
  the 
  

   air-dried 
  mud 
  to 
  the 
  square 
  inch 
  was 
  on 
  the 
  average 
  34 
  pounds, 
  with 
  

   a 
  maximum 
  of 
  39. 
  

  

  Incipient 
  fusion 
  occurs 
  at 
  cone 
  .06, 
  vitrification 
  at 
  cone 
  .01, 
  vis- 
  

   cosity 
  at 
  cone 
  4. 
  

  

  The 
  shale 
  burns 
  to 
  a 
  dark 
  red. 
  It 
  is 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  

   paving 
  brick. 
  

  

  The 
  composition 
  of 
  the 
  clay, 
  from 
  an 
  analysis 
  furnished 
  by 
  the- 
  

   Preston 
  brick 
  co., 
  is 
  as 
  follows: 
  

  

  Silica 
  64.45 
  

  

  Alumina 
  17 
  . 
  77 
  

  

  FeiTic 
  oxid 
  7 
  . 
  04 
  

  

  Lime 
  58 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  1.85 
  

  

  Potash 
  2.52 
  

  

  Soda 
  1.95 
  

  

  96.16 
  

   Fluxes 
  13.94 
  

  

  The 
  method 
  of 
  manufacture 
  followed 
  at 
  these 
  works 
  consists 
  of 
  

   the 
  usual 
  dry 
  pan 
  for 
  grinding 
  the 
  shale 
  and 
  wet 
  pan 
  for 
  tempering 
  

   it. 
  The 
  molding 
  is 
  done 
  by 
  a 
  stiff 
  mud, 
  side-cut 
  machine, 
  and 
  the 
  

   green 
  brick 
  are 
  repressed. 
  The 
  burning 
  is 
  in 
  down-draft 
  kilng. 
  

  

  Corning. 
  A 
  gray, 
  gritty 
  shale 
  is 
  quarried 
  at 
  this 
  point 
  for 
  the 
  

   manufacture 
  of 
  paving 
  and 
  building 
  brick. 
  The 
  quarries 
  are- 
  

   located 
  along 
  the 
  Erie 
  railroad, 
  about 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  west 
  of 
  to^vn. 
  The- 
  

  

  