﻿840 
  NEW 
  YOEK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  shale 
  is 
  argillaceous 
  and 
  contains 
  occasional 
  layers 
  of 
  sandstone, 
  

   whicli 
  are 
  discarded 
  in 
  the 
  quarrying. 
  A 
  siding 
  runs 
  into 
  the 
  

   quarry, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  material 
  can 
  be 
  easily 
  loaded 
  and 
  then 
  shifted 
  

   over 
  to 
  the 
  works. 
  

  

  A 
  sample 
  of 
  this 
  shale 
  gave 
  the 
  following 
  results 
  : 
  water 
  required 
  

   for 
  mixing, 
  18^; 
  plasticity 
  somewhat 
  lean; 
  air 
  shrinkage, 
  2^; 
  shrink- 
  

   age 
  at 
  cone 
  .05, 
  3^, 
  with 
  clay 
  incipiently 
  fused; 
  vitrification 
  at 
  

   <cone 
  1; 
  ^dscosity 
  at 
  3-4. 
  The 
  soluble 
  salts 
  amounted 
  to 
  .3^. 
  

  

  An 
  analysis 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  made 
  by 
  H. 
  Kies 
  gave: 
  

  

  Silica 
  58.10 
  

  

  Alumina 
  lY 
  . 
  50 
  

  

  Ferric 
  oxid 
  6 
  . 
  00 
  

  

  Lime 
  4.50 
  

  

  Magnesia 
  2.88 
  

  

  Alkalis 
  4.15 
  

  

  Water 
  5.90 
  

  

  Total 
  99.03 
  

  

  Horseheads. 
  An 
  opening 
  has 
  been 
  made 
  on 
  the 
  north 
  side 
  of 
  

   the 
  valley 
  along 
  the 
  Elmira, 
  Cortland 
  and 
  N^orthem 
  railroad, 
  to 
  

   supply 
  shale 
  for 
  the 
  manufacture 
  of 
  common 
  brick. 
  The 
  quarry 
  

   face 
  is 
  about 
  20 
  feet 
  high 
  and 
  shows 
  the 
  shale 
  to 
  be 
  mostly 
  gray, 
  

   with 
  occasional 
  yellow 
  layers 
  due 
  to 
  weathering. 
  

  

  The 
  shale 
  deposits 
  of 
  New 
  York 
  are 
  destined 
  to 
  play 
  an 
  im- 
  

   portant 
  role 
  in 
  the 
  future. 
  They 
  forai 
  an 
  inexhaustible 
  source 
  of 
  

   supply, 
  easily 
  located, 
  adapted 
  as 
  present 
  work 
  shows, 
  to 
  a 
  wide 
  

   range 
  of 
  uses. 
  The 
  products 
  now 
  made 
  from 
  them 
  are 
  common 
  and 
  

   pressed 
  brick, 
  paving 
  brick, 
  roofing 
  tile, 
  ten-a 
  cotta, 
  sewer 
  pipe 
  and 
  

   fireproofing. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  tests 
  cited 
  above 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  seen 
  that 
  the 
  shales 
  used 
  

   compare 
  very 
  favorably 
  vnth 
  the 
  requirements 
  of 
  a 
  paving 
  brick 
  

   material. 
  Most 
  of 
  them 
  are 
  slightly 
  more 
  silicious 
  than 
  the 
  average 
  

  

  