﻿REPORT 
  OF 
  THE 
  STATE 
  ENTOMOLOGIST 
  I9OO 
  973 
  

  

  following 
  experiments 
  is 
  such 
  as 
  may 
  be 
  obtained 
  of 
  the 
  Standard 
  oil 
  

   CO., 
  and 
  a 
  sample 
  of 
  it 
  sent 
  to 
  Dr 
  Smith 
  the 
  following 
  December 
  tested 
  

   but 
  370 
  on 
  the 
  Beaume 
  oil 
  scale. 
  Crude 
  petroleum 
  purchased 
  at 
  this 
  

   time 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  firm 
  and 
  presumably 
  from 
  the 
  same 
  source 
  tested 
  41.50. 
  

   The 
  agent 
  asserts 
  this 
  oil 
  to 
  be 
  of 
  fairly 
  constant 
  composition, 
  but 
  that 
  

   appears 
  to 
  be 
  an 
  open 
  question. 
  It 
  is 
  very 
  probable 
  that 
  we 
  must 
  have 
  a 
  

   product 
  of 
  more 
  constant 
  composition 
  before 
  the 
  most 
  satisfactory 
  results 
  

   can 
  be 
  obtained 
  in 
  its 
  use 
  as 
  an 
  insecticide. 
  

  

  Experiments 
  with 
  20 
  and 
  25 
  % 
  mechanical 
  emulsions 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  

   undiluted 
  product 
  were 
  tried 
  and 
  the 
  results 
  are 
  detailed 
  below. 
  

  

  20 
  % 
  mechanical 
  emulsioft. 
  This 
  was 
  given 
  a 
  thorough 
  test 
  on 
  23 
  

   trees. 
  Their 
  condition 
  at 
  the 
  beginning 
  of 
  the 
  experiment, 
  Ap. 
  n, 
  was 
  

   as 
  follows. 
  Tree 
  4, 
  a 
  wild 
  cherry 
  4 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  infested 
  with 
  but 
  few 
  

   scales. 
  Tree 
  5, 
  a 
  Crawford 
  peach 
  12 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  moderately 
  in- 
  

   fested 
  with 
  the 
  scale. 
  Tree 
  6, 
  a 
  Crataegus 
  10 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  infested 
  

   with 
  ,but 
  few 
  scales. 
  Tree 
  7, 
  a 
  botan 
  plum 
  about 
  9 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  

   moderately 
  infested 
  with 
  the 
  scale. 
  Trees 
  15 
  and 
  16, 
  seek 
  el 
  pear, 
  were 
  

   badly 
  infested, 
  the 
  former 
  14 
  and 
  the 
  latter 
  8 
  feet 
  high. 
  Trees 
  17 
  and 
  

   18, 
  an 
  early, 
  unnamed 
  pear 
  18 
  feet 
  high, 
  were 
  infested 
  with 
  but 
  few 
  scales. 
  

   Tree 
  19, 
  a 
  Bartlett 
  pear 
  15 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  badly 
  infested. 
  Tree 
  22, 
  a 
  

   Howell 
  pear 
  10 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  very 
  badly 
  infested. 
  Tree 
  25, 
  a 
  beurre 
  bose 
  

   pear 
  8 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  very 
  badly 
  infested. 
  Trees 
  26 
  and 
  27, 
  Kieffer 
  pear 
  

   \o 
  feet 
  high, 
  were 
  rather 
  badly 
  infested. 
  Tree 
  28, 
  a 
  seek 
  el 
  pear 
  10 
  

   feet 
  high, 
  was 
  very 
  badly 
  infested. 
  Tree 
  41, 
  a 
  Crawford 
  peach 
  11 
  

   feet 
  high, 
  was 
  badly 
  infested 
  with 
  the 
  scale. 
  Trees 
  43-45 
  and 
  47, 
  old 
  

   Mixon 
  peach 
  between 
  11 
  and 
  12 
  feet 
  high, 
  were 
  all 
  badly 
  infested, 
  tree 
  

   43 
  being 
  graded 
  as 
  very 
  badly 
  infested. 
  Tree 
  46, 
  a 
  champion 
  quince 
  

   6 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  infested 
  with 
  but 
  few 
  scales. 
  Tree 
  48, 
  a 
  crab-apple 
  8 
  

   feet 
  high, 
  was 
  infested 
  with 
  but 
  few 
  scales. 
  Tree 
  49, 
  an 
  abundance 
  plum 
  

   10 
  feet 
  high, 
  was 
  badly 
  infested 
  with 
  the 
  scale. 
  

  

  The 
  spraying 
  with 
  crude 
  oil 
  was 
  under 
  the 
  same 
  conditions 
  as 
  when 
  

   kerosene 
  was 
  used. 
  It 
  was 
  bright, 
  sunny, 
  airy 
  weather 
  which 
  was 
  

   followed 
  the 
  next 
  day 
  by 
  heavy 
  rains, 
  and 
  this 
  by 
  more 
  within 
  'a 
  few 
  

   days. 
  The 
  spraying 
  was 
  as 
  thorough 
  as 
  possible 
  without 
  going 
  to 
  the 
  

   trouble 
  of 
  waiting 
  for 
  the 
  wind 
  in 
  opposite 
  directions, 
  something 
  hardly 
  

   practicable 
  when 
  the 
  orchard 
  was 
  two 
  miles 
  distant. 
  The 
  treatment 
  was 
  

   probably 
  more 
  thorough 
  than 
  that 
  with 
  kerosene, 
  because 
  the 
  crude 
  oil 
  

   is 
  easily 
  seen, 
  and 
  a 
  small 
  area 
  skipped 
  is 
  therefore 
  very 
  apparent, 
  

   which 
  is 
  not 
  true 
  of 
  kerosene 
  on 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  rapid 
  evaporation 
  of 
  

   the 
  latter. 
  

  

  