202 The Philippine Journal of Science im 



The Mining and Smelting Industry. 

 History. 

 Mining. 

 Smelting. 



The smelter. 



Charcoal burning. 



The process of smelting. 



Capacity of the furnaces. 



Efficiency of the smelting process. 



Metallurgy of the smelting process. 



Cost and value of iron produced. 



Statistics of production. 

 Utilization of the Iron Ores. 



INTRODUCTION 



GENERAL STATEMENT 



The iron-ore deposits in the Eastern Cordillera of Luzon were 

 discovered early in the seventeenth century, and it is a matter 

 of record that attempts at mining and smelting iron ore were 

 made as early as 1664, although it is not clear whether the 

 reference is to the deposits in Bulacan Province or to the similar 

 deposits in Rizal Province which adjoins Bulacan on the south. 



The importance of iron ore to industrial progress has been 

 recognized alike by the Spanish and American Governments in 

 the Philippines. The Spanish Inspeccion de Minas spent con- 

 siderable effort in attempts to establish an industry in iron mining 

 and smelting, while the first geologic reconnaissance by the 

 Bureau of Mines ^ of the American Government was devoted 

 to the iron-ore deposits near Angat, Bulacan Province. How- 

 ever, there was demand for more detailed information than 

 it had been possible to obtain in the early reconnaissance, and 

 after the edition of the Bureau of Mines report, which was 

 published in 1903, became exhausted the work recorded in this 

 paper was planned. 



SCOPE OF THE PRESENT PAPER AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION 



The principal field work for this report was performed by F. 

 A. Dalburg and Wallace E. Pratt. On December 6, 1911, Mr. 

 Dalburg, chief of the party, and Feliciano Nable went into the 

 district. On January 4, 1912, Mr, Pratt joined the party, and 

 Warren D. Smith, formerly chief of the division of mines. Bureau 

 of Science, spent a week in the field at about this time reviewing 

 the progress of the work. Field work was suspended at the end 



'McCaskey, Hiram Dryer, Bull. P. I. Min. Bur. (1903), 3. 



