462 2^/16 Philippine Journal of Science im 



umbellata (labayo), Columbia serratifolia (anilao), Litsea 

 glutinosa (puso-puso), Maearanga tanarius (binunga), Premna 

 cumingiana (maguile), Ficus nota (tibig), Ficus haidli (hauili), 

 Mallotv^ philippensis (banato), and Alstonia scholaris (dita). 

 It is uncertain how long it will take this forest to occupy the 

 whole area, but it seems likely that if fires are excluded this 

 will take place in less than ten years. It will be seen from this 

 that it would be a veiy simple matter to replace grass with 

 second-growth forest if the inhabitants could be prevented 

 from setting fire to the grass. 



VOLUME OF DIPTEROCAEP FORESTS 



Whitford," writing on the composition and volume of the 

 dipterocarp forest in the Philippines, has shown very clearly 

 that in situations suitable for the best development of species 

 of the family Dipterocarpaceae the forest which is developed is 

 one in which dipterocarps are the leading species not only from 

 the standpoint of the botanist, but also from the standpoint of 

 the forester and lumberman. He comes to the conclusion that 

 "success in virgin forest growth should be measured in terms 

 of bulk, or of bulk and annual increment combined ;" and, again, 

 "if measured in bulk alone, some temperate regions as com- 

 pared with the Philippines show greater success in forest 

 growth." Success in virgin forest growth may be measured in 

 terms of bulk and annual increment combined, but a virgin 

 forest of great bulk may be in a very poor condition for manage- 

 ment, and bulk alone is not always a true measure of what the 

 forest site is capable of producing. 



As Whitford states, when using bulk alone as a measure of 

 success in forest growth, we find that in temperate regions some 

 forests, such as the coniferous ones of northwestern United 

 States, are more successful in this respect than any forest that 

 has thus far been accurately measured in the tropics. Unfor- 

 tunately, there are not available in the Philippines any detailed 

 stand tables of virgin hardwood forest in temperate regions for 

 comparison with a similar table compiled from data collected in 

 the Philippines. However, the yield tables compiled by Wim- 

 menauer " for pure stands of oak in central Germany will serve 

 as a standard for forest growth in the temperate zone. As a 

 basis for comparison of volume and distribution of volume by 



^ Whitford, H. N., Studies in the vegetation of the Philippines, This 

 Journal, Sec. C (1909), 4, 699. 



"Schlich's manual of forestry, 3d ed., London (1905), 3, 346, 347. 



