THE GEOGRAPHIC BASIS OF HUMAN CHARACTER 93 



end of the three-hundred-mile railway from the port of Mollendo. 

 The trails to the Atlantic rivers are impossible for trading pur- 

 poses. Deep sunk in a subtropical valley, the irrigable alluvial 

 land of Abancay tempts the production of sugar. 



But nature offers no easy route out of the valley. For cen- 

 turies the product has been exported at almost prohibitive cost, 

 as in the eastern valley of Santa Ana. The coastal valleys 

 enjoy easy access to the sea. Each has its own port at the 

 valley mouth, where ocean steamers call for cargo. Many have 

 short railway lines from port to valley head. The eastern 

 valleys and Abancay have been clamoring for railways, better 

 trails, and wagon roads. From the public fund they get what 

 is left. The realization of their hopes has been delayed too 

 long. It would be both economic and military strategy to give 

 them the desired railway. Kevolutions in Peru always start 

 in one of two ways : either by a coup at Lima or an unchecked 

 uprising in an interior province. Bolivia has shown the way 

 out of this difficulty. Two of her four large centers — La Paz 

 and Oruro — are connected by rail, and the line to Cochabamba 

 lacks only a few kilometres of construction. 1 To Sucre a line has 

 been long projected. Formerly a revolution at one of the four 

 towns was exceedingly difficult to stamp out. Diaz had the same 

 double motive in encouraging railway building in the remote des- 

 ert provinces of Northern Mexico, where nine out of ten Mexican 

 revolutions gather headway. Argentina has enjoyed a high degree 

 of political unity since her railway system was extended to 

 Cordoba and Tucuman. The last uprising, that of 1906, took place 

 on her remotest northeastern frontier. 



We had ample opportunity to see the hatred of the rebels. At 

 nightfall of September 25th we rode into the courtyard of Haci- 

 enda Auquibamba. We had traveled under the worst possible 



'According to the latest information (August, 1916) of the Bolivia Railway Co., 

 trains are running from Oruro to Buen Retiro, 35 km. from Cochabamba. Thence 

 connection with Cochabamba is made by a tram-line operated by the Electric Light and 

 Power Co. of that city. The Bulletin of the Pan-American Union for July, 1916, 

 also reports the proposed introduction of an automobile service for conveyance of 

 freight and passengers. 



