50 2^^^6 Philippine Journal of Science 1915 



At present I am grouping my material in seven families: 

 Ledridse, Stenocotidse, Uiopidse, Tettigoniellidse, Jassidae, Koe- 

 beliidse, and Bythoscopidae. The Ledridse, if restricted, form a 

 fairly homogeneous group. The Stenocotidse include the Steno- 

 cotinse, Megophthalminss (formerly family Paropiidse) , and Sig- 

 noretiinse. The Uiopidse form a passage to the next family. 

 The Tettigoniellidse include the Hylicinse, Gyponinse, Penthimi- 

 inse, and Tettigoniellinse (with the tribes Ciccini, Tettigoniel- 

 lini, and Errhomenini). The extensive family Jassidae ^ includes 

 the Eupelicinae and Jassinae; the latter subfamily I divide into 

 6 tribes: Acocephalini, Cephalelini (with the divisions Cephale- 

 lusaria and Hecalusaria), Phrynomorphini (formerly Athysa- 

 nini) (with the tribes Stegelytraria, Tartessusaria, Selenoce- 

 phalaria, Phrynomorpharia, and Limotettixaria), Balcluthini 

 (formerly Gnathodini), Eupterygini (formerly Typhlocybini), 

 and Jassini (with the tribes Xestocephalaria and Jassaria) . 

 The Koebeliidse represent an anomalous group showing a strange 

 mixture of relationships. The Bythoscopidse should be sepa- 

 rated into Bythoscopinae and Eurymelinse (if included at all). 

 The latter subfamily, having strong membracid affinities, should 

 be examined as to its relationships with the sethalionids. 



Taking up the Jassini, we find the tribe, throughout, readily 

 recognizable by the reduced venation, distinctive form of head 

 and thorax, and other general characters. It seems that Xes- 

 tocephalus should find a place here. Its form, venation, and 

 position of ocelli all find close analogues in this tribe. The 

 genus Macroceratogonia of Kirkaldy indubitably belongs in this 

 tribe and is closely related to Palicus and Neocoelidea. It has 

 nothing clearly to distinguish it but the higher position of the 

 antennae, and this character is not of tribal value. 



The division Thagriaria of Distant seems to be unnecessary, 

 since there are some quite intermediate forms. The logical fol- 

 lowing out of such a separation would be the recognition, among 

 these genera, of a number of other groups of equal value and all 

 difficult of definition. In Distant's synopsis of genera the diag- 

 nostic character used to separate Guliga has only a specific value 

 among these insects. Also his alternative group characters for 

 separating Jassus-Arya from Kunasia-Myittana are both amply 



'The use of the family name Jassidse by Stebbing (Amphipoda: Gam- 

 maridea) [Das Tierreich 21, 8, 647, 739], for a family of Amphipoda, is 

 untenable. Jassus Fabr., as a genus of the Homoptera, dates from 1803, 

 while Jassa Leach of Amphipoda dates from 1814. Fieber had used this 

 family name in the Homoptera in 1866. 



