282 The Philippine Journal of Science isie 



Apatura substituta Butler, Cist. Entom. (1873), 1, 158; Pryer, 

 Rhop. Nihon. (July, 1888), 22, PL 5, fig. 9, d"; Stichel, Seitz's 

 Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. (1909), 1, 163, PI. 50d, c?. 



Papilio (Apatura) clytie Schiff., Wien Verz. (1776), 321; Stichel, 

 Seitz's Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. (1909), 1, 162, PI. 50c, 

 c? $; Matsumura, Thousand Insects of Japan (Nihon Senchu Dzukai 

 (Jap.)] (1907), 4, 79, PI. 68, fig. 4, c? (nee Schiflf rr ? substituta 

 Btlr.). 



Apatura ilia var. serarum Oberth., ]6tud. d'Ent. (1891), 15, 11, PI. 

 1, fig. 8, c?; Stichel, Seitz's Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. 

 (1909), 1, 163, PI. 50d, c?. 



Apatura ilia ab. mikuni Wileman, Entomologist (1910), 43, 93, c?- 



Apatura here Felder, Wien. Ent. Mon. (1862), 6, 27; Stichel, Seitz's 

 Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. (1909), 1, 162, PI. 50e, d* ?• 



Apatura here ab. sobrina Stichel, Seitz's Macrolep. of the World, 

 Faun. Pal. (1909), 1, PI. 50e, ?. 



Apatura bunea Herrich-Schafper, Schmett. Eur. (1844), 1, figs. 

 161, 164; Stichel, Seitz's Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. 

 (1909), 1, 163, PI. 55d, c?. 



The larva of A. substituta figured (Plate I, fig. 1) was taken 

 May 23, 1901, at Kobe, Settsu Province, Honshu, on willow, 

 Japanese name, yanagi (Salix sp.). A female imago emerged 

 June 11, 1901, which I identified at the British Museum (Na- 

 tural History) as A. substituta Butler, Another male imago, 

 which emerged at Hakodate, Hokkaido (Yezo), August 5, 

 1902, and a female, locality and date unrecorded, are both refer- 

 able to A. substituta. The larvae from which these two speci- 

 mens emerged were compared, previous to pupation, with the 

 drawing of the larva from which the female imago emerged 

 June 11, 1901, and were found to be identical. 



Apatura substituta is placed by Leech and Stichel as a form 

 or variety of A. ilia Schiff., and I am content, for the present, to 

 leave it as a synonym of that species. At the same time I am 

 inclined to think that, for reasons which follow, it is a distinct 

 species, and not a subspecies nor a variety. Stichel ^ remarks 

 of A. substituta as follows : 



In Japan, the species (A. ilia Schiff.) is represented by substituta Btlr. 

 (Plate 50d) which is very similar to metis Frr. (and therefore often con- 

 founded with it). The ground-colour of this form is generally darker, the 

 eye-like spots of both wings are not obsolescent, the submarginal spots of 

 the hindwing elongate-ovate or rounded-quadrate, instead of arrowhead- 

 shaped or luniform as in metis, and on the underside the band of the 

 hindwing is more distinctly white, contrasting with the ground. Some 

 Bpecimens (from Korea) have the bands or the upperside whitish and 

 therefore recall bunea. 



' Seitz's Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. (1909), 1, 163. 



