284 I'he Philippine Journal of Science lais 



former case with the figure given by Stichel " for ilia, male, nor 

 in the latter case with the figure given by him for clytie, male, ' 

 but they both agree well with the figure given by Stichel for 

 substituta, male.^ Matsumura in referring to his figure remarks 

 in a note that "this variety has the markings very distinct but the 

 ground-color is ashy-white; it occurs in Kyushu but is rare." 

 His figure, I believe, represents mikuni Wileman, male,^° also 

 taken in Kyushu, in which the tawny-orange spots and bands of 

 both wings are replaced by white ones. Apparently these spots 

 and bands in his figure are white, not tawny-orange ; and, if so, 

 the figure represents mikuni, a dimorphic form of substituta. 



Apatura here Feld. (Seitz, 1, Plate 50e) ab. sobrina Stichel 

 (Seitz, 1, Plate 50e) is from eastern, central, and northern China 

 and seems to have been erroneously recorded from Japan by 

 Felder. 



Apatura serarum Oberth. (Seitz, 1, Plate 50d) (male = phae- 

 dra Leech) from western and central China and Yunnan. 



Apatura ilia ab. mikuni Wileman (male, type unfigured) from 

 Honshu, Japan = ? dimorphic form of A. substituta Butl, The 

 tawny-orange spots and bands of substituta are replaced by 

 white. 



The reason why I think Apatura substituta Butl. is entitled 

 to rank as a species is because the larva apparently differs 

 from that of ilia Schiff., which is described by Stichel " as 

 follows : 



Larva of the species (A. ilia Schiff.) adult 4-5 cm, dirty green, similar 

 to that of iris Linn, (nee Esp.) in shape and markings, but the reddish 

 horns on the head with black stripe, the anterior part of the body with 

 two red-edged yellow lines, the body from the center backwards on each 

 side with 5 red-margined yellow oblique stripes which extend over two 

 segments, anal processes and legs blue-green. Its habits similar to those 

 of A. iris Linn.; feeding especially on Populus tremula, P. pyramidalis, and 

 on various willows, like Salix caprea, viminalis, and rosmarinifolia. Pupa 

 greenish, carinate dorsally, the back, the wing cases and the processes of 

 the head edged with yellow. 



A comparison of Stichel's description of the larva of A. ilia 

 with my original figure of the larva of substituta shows the 

 following differences : "Anterior part of the body with two red- 

 edged yellow lines;" substituta shows one yellow longitudinal 

 line only, not red-edged, extending from the head to the end of 



'Macrolep. of the World, Faun. Pal. (1909), 1, 161, PI. 50c, d' ?. 



' Opus cit., 162, PI. 50c, d" ?. 



' Opus cit., 163, PI. 50d, c?. 



'"Entomologist (1910), 43, 93, unfigured, S- 



" Opus cit., 162. 



