334 'DESCEIPTIVE GEOLOGY. 



its strike is only 3° or 4° to the north of east ; but where it passes over the 

 local folds spoken of the strike swings around, and crosses the river in the 

 region of Coalville at a sharp diagonal, in a nearly north and south direction. 

 To the north of Coalville, again, the strike bends around to the direction of 

 northeast, which it maintains for about 4 miles, when it swings into an 

 easterly direction, dipping north, and occupies that position for about 4 

 miles farther. Then it bends again to the northeast with a westerly dip, 

 which continues until it crosses the railroad and passes under the Tertiary 

 conglomerates. From the base of the series, as exposed southeast of Coal- 

 ville, there is exposed a little over 5,000 feet of conformable northwesterly- 

 dipping rocks. 



From Echo City to Lost Creek, as exposed along the base of the 

 Tertiary cliffs, is a similar thickness, composed of the same series, dip- 

 ping to the southeast. The uppermost beds of this series are represented 

 by a series of coarse conglomerates, which might be confounded with the 

 Echo Canon Tertiaries, though wanting in their distinctive coloring and 

 having a much more compact matrix ; they stand, however, at an angle of 

 over 20°, and, from their position, must be included in the Laramie group, 

 though not elsewhere observed in this group, and very closely resembling 

 the conglomerates at the base of the Dakota. As exposed in the Weber 

 Valley, a short distance from Echo City, they constitute a prominent feature 

 in the landscape, from the peculiar forms into which they have weathered, 

 and, from a fanciful resemblance to the shape of an old woman, have been 

 called the Witches' Rocks. Some of these peculiar forms are seen in Plates 

 XII and XIII, of which the former gives a general view of the outcrops, 

 and the latter, one of a single column 40 feet in height. 



Echo, City, therefore, represents about the position of a synclinal axis 

 in the Cretaceous. At Lost Creek, these Cretaceous beds are apparently 

 unconformable with the Jurassic. At Kamas, on the other hand, they are 

 conformable with them. The northerly strike and westerly dip, which are 

 observed, at the head of Chalk Creek, are further to be seen in the limited 

 outcrop at the " Needles", which also has a northerly strike, but in this 

 case a nearly vertical position ; in other words, there is developed in the 

 angle between the Uinta and Wahsatch Ranges a broad and powerful fold in 

 the whole Cretaceous system, which has a strike midway between the two 



