62 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [^Pl"- 28, 



f Shales and sandstones, with a shale-band 



(Gr) containing Spheoiopteris affinis, and 



lower down a thin limestone (H) with Sphe- 



nopt^ris and Cypridce. ^ 

 Sandstones and shales. 

 Shale and a limestone-band (K). Sphenopteris 



affinis abundant. 



Sandstones and shales Pittenweera Harbour. 



Shale with a calcareous band (L). Encrinites, 



Corals, and Shells. 

 Shales and sandstones. Sphenopteris in some 



of the uppermost ; Cyclopteris abundant in 



several of the shales. 

 Shale and Umestone-band. Cyclopteris and 



Fish-remains. 

 Sandstone and shale. 

 Shale with a limestone. Cyclopteris and Car- 



polites. 

 Sandstones and shales, with a bed of trap-rock. 

 Shale with a thin limestone, containing Fish- 

 remains, CypridcB, and Cyclopteris. 

 Sandstones, shales, and bedded trap-rock. 



Fish-remains in one of the shales. 

 Sandstones and shales, with a seam of coarse 



coal, and two thin calcareous bands in the 



shales. Casts of Stigmaria abundant in the 



lower sandstone. 

 (Covered ground.) 



Sandstone Anstruther West. 



Sandstone and shales. 

 Shale. 



Sandstones and shale Anstruther Harbour. 



[Further eastward the same strata are re- 

 ^ peated, with reversed dips.] 



o 



o 





3. On the LowEK Coal-measukes, as developed in British America. 

 By J. W. DAWsoif, LL.D., F.G.S., Principal of McGiU CoUege, 

 Montreal. 



Deposits indicating the existence of the coal-flora and its asso- 

 ciated freshwater fauna at the beginning of the Carboniferous 

 period have been recognized in various parts both of the Old and 

 New Worlds, and have modified the views entertained of the sub- 

 divisions of the Carboniferous system. In ISTova Scotia and New 

 Brunswick such deposits are developed with a clearness and fullness 

 of detail capable of throwing much light on the dawn of the 

 terrestrial conditions of the coal-period, and on the relations of these 

 lower beds to the true coal-measures. I propose in the present 

 paper to offer a contribution towards this end, by collecting in one 

 view the information existing on these rocks in British America, 

 with the addition of facts collected in the past summer, and the 

 results of a comparison of the specimens in my collection with those 

 of the upper portions of the coal-measures. 



