1858.] RTIBIDGE SOTTTH AFRICA. 195 



About 20 yards from where the skeleton was imbedded, the speci- 

 mens 84-87 (" cone-in-cone" clay-stone) occurred. About 30 yards 

 from this spot, and in the same bed, specimens 88 and 89 (bones) 

 were found, where the water ran, and hence the portion at the surface 

 was so softened as to fall to pieces. These pieces appear to show that 

 the ribs and vertebrae are associated with the remains of the animal's 

 outer bony covering or carapace. 



Detached from a stratum above the one where Nos. 84-87 

 occurred, were the two fossil skulls, Nos. 90 and 91 (a smaU Dicy- 

 nodon, and a smaller undescribed reptile), and the septaria, Nos. 92 

 and 93. At a spot a little to the N.W. of the Kloof, and in a bed 

 higher up than the last-mentioned, the nodules and septaria Nos. 

 94-107 were found. 



Between the Kloofs the parting ridges were covered with detached 

 portions of the upper strata, mixed with numerous nodular concre- 

 tions, such as Kos. 108-114. Some of these contained a fine powder 

 when broken (especially No. 112). 



Of the volcanic dykes a few specimens are sent. No. 115 is an 

 exfoliating nodule; and similar concretions are very numerous on 

 both of the dykes, especially on the south-eastern dyke, where they 

 were at some places piled one on another. They varied greatly in 

 size, some being about an ounce in weight, and others too heavy for 

 two or three men to move. This difference of size might be 

 accounted for by the smaller ones having been subjected to ex- 

 fohation for a longer period of time. Along the other ridge masses 

 of felspathic trap, such as No. 116, protruded. Many of the pieces 

 were musical when struck — so much so, that some of the people 

 with the waggons, on the first day they arrived, asked what beU it 

 was that was tolling, and which proved afterwards to be some 

 children amusing themselves by striking a large piece of this rock 

 with a stone. 



These cross-ridges or dykes attain their greatest altitude towards 

 their centre, — decreasing as they approach the mountains, and then 

 again appearing as exposed precipices or "Krantzes" along their crests. 



2. On some Points in the Geology of South Africa. 



By Dr. E. N. Etjbidge. 



[Communicated by the President.] 



[Abstract.] 



The author had observed in ISFamaqualand the occurrence of hori- 

 zontal siliceous beds, covering other siliceous inclined beds, the 

 silicification of the latter being apparently due to the infiltration of 

 siHca from the upper quartzose beds into the indined beds below. 

 In this communication Dr. Eubidge details the evidences that he 

 observed of such a process having taken place, and points out how 

 the observations on some of the Namaqualand rocks by Mr, Bain, 

 Mr. Bell, and Dr. Atherstone, respectively, tend to support his views 



