SALTER EUEYPTEEFS. 231 



stone, Brecimockshire, and was obtained by the Rev. Mr. Wenman. 

 It is 2^ inches long, and 2^ inches broad at the wide anterior part, 

 the greatest breadth being at the anterior third ; the hinder edge 

 is only 2 inches wide. The front margin is arched, somewhat trun- 

 cate in front, and gibbous at the sides ; and from about halfway up 

 the head it is double, or has an inner raised ridge 2 lines distant 

 from the edge. This ridge is continuous all round with the somewhat 

 elevated border of the sides, in such a way that the carapace appears 

 complete without the addition of the anterior border. 



Exclusive of this border, which is concave and somewhat bent 

 downwards, the surface of the head is but very gently convex, and 

 is covered, except along the posterior margin, by elevations and 

 furrows which give it a very rugged and lobed aspect. A deep Y- 

 shaped vertical furrow, forked upwards at an angle of 30°, divides 

 the space between the eyes, and occupies the middle third of the 

 head* ; the space between the branches is very convex. 



A shallower depression takes its origin above the eyes, and 

 radiates outward to the front margin ; a pair of shorter furrows run 

 obliquely outward behind those organs ; another deep oblique de- 

 pression occurs further back, at half an inch from the hinder border, 

 and outside it a strong triangular lobe is marked out, partly by this 

 furrow, and partly by a submarginal one which occupies about one- 

 third the length of the head. Between these strong lateral lobes, 

 and on the same level, a central tubercle, flanked by two depressions, 

 occurs immediately behind the deep Y-shaped furrow first noticed. 

 Lastly, there is a short and shallow pair of furrows in the central 

 front portion of the head. 



The posterior border is quite plain for a breadth of half an 

 inch, and free from ridges or furrows of any Idnd. The posterior 

 angles are acute, but not at all produced ; and the hinder edge is 

 sinuous, and without the raised border which runs round all the 

 rest of the margin. The eyes are large, rounded, and circumscribed 

 by a sunken space ; they are placed more than halfway up the 

 head, and as wide apart as they are distant from the outer margin. 

 As they are abraded in this unique specimen, their shape and con- 

 vexity are not to be ascertaiued ; they appear to have been large and 

 rounded. 



The great size of this species distinguishes it from any previously 

 described, except the E. Scouleri before noticed, the head of which 

 is 8 inches wide. Neither of the American species, nor the Russian 

 one above noticed, has a lobed carapace. 



Several other forms, which I shall here briefly describe, have 

 from time to time been brought under notice, chiefly by my excellent 

 friends Messrs. Lightbody, Cocking, and Marston, of Ludlow. They 

 are from the uppermost Ludlow beds and the overlying basement- 

 beds of the Old Red Sandstone of that locality. 



There is also at least one more from the Upper beds of the Old 



* In E. Scouleri there is a ridge, forked downwards, between the eyes. 



