1866.] JUKES — OLD RED SANDSTONE AND DEVONIAN. 329 



Brongniart has since referred the latter to the genus Adiantites. 

 This quarry has been repeatedly visited since, especially by Mr. W. 

 H. Baily, and our present fossil-collectors C. Gal van and Alexander 

 M'^Henry, and, among other things, numerous scales and some teeth 

 of fish have been found. Many of these scales were decided by Mr. 

 W. H. Baily to be those of Coccosteus, a determination in which 

 Professor Huxley, when he examined them, fully agreed ; others, 

 respecting which the latter gentleman felt some doubt, are believed 

 by Mr. W. H. Baily to belong to the genera Asterolepis, Bothriolejpis, 

 Glyptolepis, and Ptericlithys, or certainly to be identical with those 

 figured by Agassiz under those names (see for figures Explanation 

 of sheets 147 and 157 of Irish Geological Survey Maps). There i& 

 also part of the shell with a piece of the claw of a crustacean, 

 apparently a Eurypterus, among the fossils from these beds. "We 

 have found the Anodon and the fern at other localities in Ireland, 

 as near Cork and at Toe Head on the south coast, in places where 

 the rocks were not so luckily preserved from cleavage as at Kiltorcan, 

 so that only a few fragments could be collected in a sufficient state 

 for transmission to the Museum*. 



b. The Com,eragh Mountains. — It was just now said that the Old 

 Red Sandstone of Waterford was not only continuous northwards to 

 Kiltorcan but westwards through Waterford and Tipperary. 



The ridge of Old Red Sandstone, shown in fig. 3. p. 326, maybe fol- 

 lowed along the south side of the valley of the Suir for 25 miles to the 

 westward, as far as the neighbourhood of Clonmel, the height of the 

 ridge increasing to an altitude of 600 and 800 feet, and the dip of 

 the beds to 50° and 60°, and occasionally more. 



The Old Red Sandstone rests un conformably on Lower Silurian 

 rocks, which for the first 20 miles are exposed in the country to the 

 south of it, and dips northwards conformably under the Lower 

 Limestone shale and Carboniferous Limestone, as it does at 

 Waterford. About five miles, however, before coming to Clonmel the 

 Old Red Sandstone, after rising steeply out from underneath the 

 limestone valley in order to form this ridge, is no longer denuded 

 towards the south so as to expose the Lower Silurian base on which 

 it rests, but has been left as a cover to those beds. Doubtless this, 

 cover formerly extended over the whole of the Lower Silurian area. 

 In the part where it is still preserved, the lower conglomerate of the 

 Old Red, after rising up at angles of 50° or 60°, gradually flattens 

 towards the south, and ultimately becones horizontal, or undulating 

 gently at angles of 10° or 15° for a space of about twelve miles, and 

 forms the base of a mass of high ground called the Comeragh Mount- 

 ains. These are upwards of 2000 feet high, the highest point being 

 2597 feet above the sea. They end in steep indented escarpments 

 towards the east, in which the beds are thoroughly exposed. ' One 

 precipice over Lough Coumshingaun is itself 1250 feet in height, 

 exposing horizontal beds of Old Red Sandstone through the whole 

 height. To the south of the Comeraghs the beds dip steeply again 



* Mr, Doran, the fossil-collector, also discovered a fine specimen of the Anodon 

 in the Old Red Sandstone near Clonmel. 



VOL. XXII. PART I. 2 A 



