1866.] KEENE AUSTEALIAN CAN^^EL. 435 



No. 6 is also made up from various sections. 



No. 7 is a section of the ballast-pits at Charlton. 



No, 8 is from the great brickyards at Loam Pit Hill, the beginning of the 

 sandy pebble-bed {j3) being introduced from the new railway-cutting just east of 

 Lewisham. 



The others have been drawn to show what takes place westward of Kent. 



No. 9 is a generalized section from the London wells. 



No. 10 is a general section from the London Clay to the Chalk in Berkshire 

 &c. 



No. 11 shows the westerly thinning of the London Clay and the Reading Beds, 

 which I have shown to bring the Bagshot Sand within 20 feet of the Chalk in 

 Marlborough Forest. (Quart. Journ. G^eol. Soc. vol. xviii. p. 258. In the diagram 

 at p. 263, what are here called Oldhaven Beds are included in the Woolwich 

 Series, see above, p. 414.) 



No. 12 is purely imaginary, being meant to show what we might see if the 

 London Tertiary District reached a few miles further west than it does, when, 

 from the thinning of the London Clay and Lower London Tertiaries, it is very 

 likely that the Bagshot Beds would rest at once on the Chalk. 



The transverse section is simply a diagram to show the way in which the 

 Oldhaven beds are transgressive over those below, until at last they rest on the 

 Chalk. Of cou]*se this section is greatly exaggerated vertically. 



Apeil 11, 1866. 

 The following communications were read :■ 



1, On the Examination of Brown Cannel, or Peteoleum, Coal- 

 seams at Collet Ceeek, Liveepool Plains, New South Wales. 

 By "W. Keene, Esq., F.G.S., Senior Examiner of Coal-fields of 

 New South Wales. 



(In a Report to Michael Fitzpatrick, Esq., Under-Secretary for Lands, Sydney.) 



[Communicated by Sir R. I. Murchison, Bart., K.C.B., F.R.S., F.G-.S.] 



Already acquainted with the succession of deposits visible in the 

 various natural sections on the line and in the vicinity of the Great 

 North Eoad, so far as Aberdeen, I was desirous of working out the 

 geological position of the Brown Cannel Coal (specimens of which 

 had been sent to me from Liverpool Plains), so that I might be able 

 to judge of the probability of success in any search for this coal in 

 the district of the Lower Hunter. I therefore went to CoUey Creek, 

 the station of Mr. Loder, and this gentleman at once offered to 

 accompany me and point out the places whence he had taken speci- 

 mens identical in appearance with the Brown Cannel I had seen 

 from Hartley. 



From an examination of the rocks, I was able to determine that 

 the geological position of this Brown Cannel is below the coal- 

 seams worked in the Newcastle field — that, in fact, it forms the very 

 base of our Coal-measures, and in such close contact with the por- 

 phyries that these latter are absolutely mixed up with the lower 

 portion of the Cannel. I found two seams of workable thickness, 

 tilted at a high angle, running north and south, not far from, and 

 parallel to, each other, both of the same quality. 



I was the more desirous of determining the geological position of 



