480 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [May 9, 



4. Fine Gravels of tlie Plains. — The author is of opinion that the 

 physical geography demonstrates these beds to have been of marine 

 origin; and the false bedding is such as estuarine currents would pro- 

 duce. Hence it is inferred that these gravels were formed from denu- 

 dation of the Upper Chalk and local rocks, and of the coarse gravel and 

 old Boulder-clay. The presence^ of the marl-bed, composed largely 

 of Cretaceous foraminifera, shows by its fossils that since the period 

 of coarse gravel the country had become capable of supporting many 

 kinds of life. Eeconstructed Boulder-clay and gravel must both 

 result from the same cause. The March deposit is regarded as the 

 oldest of the fen gravels, probably formed between the coarse gra- 

 vel and the marl-bed of the gravel of the plains. 



These beds^are correlated with the Upper Boulder-clay and coarse 

 gravel of the Norfolk Section. 



3. Additional Observations on the Geology of tlie Lakb-coijntry. 

 By Professor E. Harknbss, F.R.S., F.G.S., and Henry Nichol- 

 son, Esq. With a Note on two New Species of Trilobites, by 

 J. W. Salter, Esq., E.G.S. 



Recent investigations among the Skiddaw slates have made impor- 

 tant additions to the fauna of this portion of the Lower Silurian 

 series : the fossils which have been obtained have, for the most part, 

 come from the Coldale valley, from strata which form the lowest 

 rocks of the Lake-country*. There have now to be added to the 

 fossils of this portion of the Skiddaw slates two Trilobites, namely a 

 new form of Phaeops, found at Whiteside, near Coldale, and JEglina 

 hinodosaf. To these have to be added perfect tails of Caryocaris 

 Wrightii, the portion which had not been discovered when Mr. Sal- 

 ter's figure was published ; and these bear out in every respect the 

 restoration of this Crustacean by that palaeontologist. 



The lower beds of the Skiddaw slates have recently furnished other 

 fossils, among which is a small Lingula nearly allied to L. hrevis, 

 Port., according to Mr. Davidson, and some small oval bodies 

 arranged in a ribbon-shaped form. These latter appear to be ova, 

 and they occur in the greatest quantities where Caryocaris Wrightii 

 abounds. 



The branching Bryozoon figured in the Memoir referred to in the 

 note has also recently been met with in greater perfection among the 

 *' Screes " on the sides of Prozzengill. As figured in Mr. Salter's 

 note, it is represented as small dichotomously branching stems. 

 The portions which have recently been obtained show stronger stems 

 than the original fossils, and these stronger stems have anastomosing 

 thinner portions, giving the fossil an aspect very like the corneous 

 axis of a Gorgonia. 



^ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xix. p. 116. 



t The latter, we learn from Mr. J. P. Morris, of Ulverston, was obtained from 

 Outerside, on the south of the Coldale valley, by Mr. Bolton. 



