484 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [May 9, 



Mr. Morris obtained from concretionary-limestone strata Orthis por- 

 cata, M'Coy {0. inflata, Salter), one of the most abundant of the 

 Coniston-Limestone fossils ; and to the south of this concretionary 

 limestone the Coniston Flags with Cardiola interru]jta are again seen. 

 Still further south, " at the south side of Tottlebank Fell, the Ireleth 

 limestone again appears, in the form of calcareous concretions" 

 (Sedgwick, Letters on the Geology of the Lake-district). This Ire- 

 leth limestone is the Coniston Limestone, and at Tottlebank Fell it is 

 probably a continuation of the band seen at High Haume. 



The repetition of the bands of Coniston Limestone shows that the 

 faults referred to by Professor Sedgwick extend at least as far as the 

 river Crake. 



These limestone bands have not yet been detected north-east of 

 this stream ; but the mineral character of the rocks which occupy 

 the country east of the Crake shows that they belong to the Conis- 

 ton Flags and Coniston Grits. The same rocks occupy the country 

 between Ulverston and Newby Bridge ; and on the eastern side of 

 Windermere Lake they form the Cartmel Fells. From these circum- 

 stances, there is strong reason for inferring that the two faults inter- 

 sect the older Palfeozoic rocks, from their south-west to their north- 

 east boundary. 



The rocks occupying nearly the whole of the Lake-country ap- 

 pertain to the Lower Silurian series. There are, however, in the 

 south-east of this area rocks of a newer age, which are well exhibited 

 near Kendal. About three miles north-east of Kendal, near Shaw 

 End, is a quarry in the Upper Caradoc strata called Shepard's 

 Quarry, which affords the same fossil as the rocks at Gameswell, 

 namely Actinocrinus pidclier. The strata here dip to the south-east, 

 which is the prevailing incKnation of the Silurian strata of the north 

 of England. 



To the south of Shepard's Quarry is Benson Knot, the hill which 

 has afforded many Upper Silurian fossils ; and to the west of Shepard's 

 Quarry is Potter Fell, where fossils similar to those of Benson Knot 

 occur; and in both these localities the fossils are widely different 

 from those of the Upper Caradoc group. 



Two important members of the Silurian series are wanting in the 

 Lake-country, namely the Llandovery rocks and the Wenlock group. 

 In this district we have no smooth Pentameri ; Atrypa Tiemisphcerica, 

 Encrinurus puyictatus, and other Upper Llandovery fossils are ab- 

 sent ; nor do the characteristic fossils of the Wenlock group occur. 



In the neighbourhood of Kendal the olive-coloured Ludlow rocks, 

 which abound in fossils, nowhere exhibit the strata on which they 

 repose. These Ludlow rocks seem to be brought abruptly against 

 the Upper Coniston group by faults ; and to one of these is refer- 

 able the close proximity of the Coniston Flags of Shepard's Quarry 

 and the Ludlow rocks of Benson Knot. This fault is probably a con- 

 tinuation of the more southern of the two faults which are so well 

 seen near Ulverston, and which have been traced north-eastward to 

 the Crake. Besides this fault, there is one, which runs west of 

 Shepard's Quarry, and which also places the Ludlow rocks in contact 



