1866.] WOOD RED CRAG. 539 



opposite Beccles. The shells which Mr. Rose has collected from 

 this place (of which he has kindly sent me a list), with those 

 collected by myself and Mr. Fisher at Chillesford and at Easton 

 and Yarn Hill, now furnish a tolerably complete fauna of this 

 formation. 



The only pits of the true Fluviomarine or I^orwich Crag (so far 

 as my knowledge goes) that exist in Suffolk are three — one at 

 Thorpe, near Aldborough, another at Wangford, and the third at 

 Bulchamp. In the case of the first, although there is no evidence 

 of oblique bedding, the bed dips at an angle of 7° or 8°, and I have 

 no doubt that a slight fault or upheaval has taken place, bringing 

 the Crag to the surface at this one point only, which is at some 

 height above the base of the contiguous cliff at Thorpe. On the 

 opposite side of the railway, however, and upon the top of the hill, 

 occurs a pit of the Chillesford Clay. The bed is unmistakeable ; 

 and, as one stands at the edge of the Clay-pit, the Crag is visible, 

 in the hollow below, at a distance of about a quarter of a mile, so 

 that one may look down from the top of the Chillesford Clay, some 

 20 or 25 feet, on to the Crag exposed in the other pit (see fig. 1). 



Fig. 1. — Section showing the position of the Thorpe Crag-pit 

 relatively to the Chillesford Clay (3 furlongs). 



W.S.W. E.KE, 



Clay-pit, 5 furlongs 



E.KE. of Aklring- Railway- Thorpe 



ham Church. cutting. Crag-pit, 



b. Chillesford Clay. I marine Cj-ag and Chillesford Clay 



c. Red sands between Fluvio- | (<Z 3' & 4' of Diagram). 



d. Fluviomarine Crag. 



A Kttle south of the line joining the two occurs a pit of red sand, 

 belonging, as I consider, to the sands intervening between the 

 J^orwich Crag and the Chillesford Clay ; the railway- cutting, a 

 furlong still further south, is in the same sands. This is the pit in 

 which Mr. Fisher says Mytili occurred, and which he regards as 

 immediately underlying the Boulder- clay ; the sands, however, I 

 consider to be those intervening between the Thorpe Crag and the 

 Chillesford Clay. 



The Crag in the pit at Bulchamp, which is a few feet above the 

 marshes of the Blyth, has, like the Thorpe pit, been subject to some 

 disturbance, bringing it to the surface at this place only; for in 

 none of the pits in the red sand around at the same level does the Crag 

 appear ; but in a pit about 2 furlongs to the north the Boulder- clay 

 has been let down beside the red sand by a vertical throw, which, 

 calculated from the place of the Boulder- clay on the neighbouring- 

 hills, cannot be less than 40 or 50 feet. No pit of Chillesford 

 Clay now remains open near enough to this to show a satisfactory 

 section. 



