GXJMBEL EOZOON IN BAVARIA. 



23 



rich considers, to those in the environs of Orleans, and he denies 

 that he, in conjunction with M. Eenevier, ever asserted that the 

 Nnmmulitic strata of the High Alps are contemporaneous with the 

 " Sables de Fontainebleau ;" but, on the contrary, that he had 

 refererd them to the gypsum. 



Lastly, M. Hebert says he is still of opinion that the Barton clay 

 is synchronous with the lower part of the Beauchamp sands, and the 

 Headon sands with the upper part. The upper part of the beds of 

 Colwell Bay belong to the Fontainebleau sands, and the fossils of the 

 gypsum are found between these two horizons in the freshwater 

 formation of Hordwell. No new reason has been shown for classing 

 the gypsum in the Lower Oligocene. 



The conclusions at which the author has arrived are these : — that 

 the Lower and Middle Tertiary series, regarded in the north and 

 south of Europe, present their maximum of difference, both palaeon- 

 tological and stratigraphical, between the gypsum and the base of 

 the Fontainebleau sands on the one part, and between the Flysch and 

 the beds of Castel-Gomberto on the other ; and that it is there where 

 the limit between the Eocene and the Lower Miocene, or Oligocene, 

 should be placed. This last is allied much more with the Miocene, 

 properly so called, or Middle Miocene, than with the most recent 

 Eocene beds. 



At the epoch of the gypsum the sea retired from the north, 

 where, in the opinion of the author, there does not exist any marine 

 equivalent of the beds with Palceotherivm, and advanced to the 

 south, where it penetrated to the Alps, and occupied a part of 

 Switzerland, but without communicating with the depression already 

 existing in the valley of the Rhine. Afterwards, when at the com- 

 mencement of the Miocene epoch, the sea extended to the north of 

 Germany, it withdrew from the Alps to the Vicentin gulf. On both 

 sides, it seems weU. proved that during the period which this study 

 embraces, it was at this time that occurred the greatest differences 

 in the general distribution of sea and land in Europe. [A. S.] 



On the OcciTERENCE of EozooN in the Peimary Rocks of Eastern 

 Bavaria. By Prof. Gtjmbel. 



[Ueber das Vorkommen von Eozoon in dem ostbayerischen Urgebirge. Yon 

 Herrn Giimbel. Sitzungsberichte der konigl. bayer Akademie der Wis- 

 senschaften zu Miinchen. 1866, 1. Heft 1. pp. 25-70. 3 plates.] 



Prof. Giimbel introduces the special subject of his memoir by a 

 concise exposition of the facts relating to the discovery and deter- 

 mination of Eozoon, including its structure, mineral condition, and 

 geological position. He then describes the geological features and 

 relations of the older rocks of Bavaria, which he arranges in descend- 

 ing order as follows : — 



1. Hercynian clay-slate. 



2. Hercynian mica-schist. 



3. Hercynian gneiss. 



4. Bojic gneiss. 



The Hercynian gneiss is considered to be equivalent to that of the 

 Danube, and both are stated to abound in layers of graphite, which 



