108 M. A. Stein — Archasological tour with the BmiBr Field Force. [March, 



2. Bahonharea johar, used by bahgnharea (certain brothers and 

 sisters-in-law) and by coparents-in-law, when of different sex. They 

 bow to each other and keep their hands shadowing over their eyes. 



3. Balaea johar, used between coparents-in-law, when of same sex. 

 Their salutation is very elaborate and rather curious ; it is fully described 

 in the paper: they draw their hands backwards and forwards between 

 each other (when men), butt each other's shoulders, etc. 



4. So johar, used when the saluting persons from some cause or 

 other do not know each other's mutual position. In this case they do 

 not bow, but receive each other's salutation (just as they do in the first 

 mentioned kind of salutation). 



The now living Santals use to salute each other at festivals, ceremo- 

 nials, coming on or from a visit, when meeting away from home, etc., but 

 now as a rule not when meeting in their village. They do not salute an 

 assembly of people en hloc, but must salute separately every body, or as 

 many as they think fit or necessary of those present. 



Some words are added about their manner of saluting their horjgas, 

 which is mostly done kneeling. They keep both their hands before 

 their face with the finger-tips joined — called ^'or/ia^ — and then bow. The 

 jorhat is sometimes used by people crying for mercy, supplicating, etc., 

 and is by custom imposed on an outcasted man, when he at the entrance 

 to his village stands to receive tliose coming to receive him into the 

 tribe again. 



6. Preliminary notes on an archasolog ical tour ivith the Buner Field 

 Force.— By Dr. M. A. Stein. 



I have just returned from Bauer with Sir Bindon Blood's force and 

 hasten to send you these brief preliminary notes regarding the objects 

 of archaeological interest I was able to examine during the short occupa- 

 tion of that territory. 



You are aware that acting upon information and advice kindly 

 given to me by Major Deane, at present political officer for Swat, Dir and 

 Chitral, I had applied to the Punjab Government to be deputed with the 

 punitive expedition against Buner for the purpose of an archaeological 

 survey. Buner which comprises the portion of the ancient JJdyana 

 situated between the Swat Yalley and the Indus, had previously been 

 wholly inaccessible to Europeans, and hence a terra incognita also from 

 an antiquarian point of view. My application, thanks largely to the 

 kind interest taken in the matter by Mr. Dane, tlie Chief Secretary to 

 the Local Government, and my friend Mr. May nard, the Junior Secretary, 

 was readily approved by Sir Mackworth Young, our present Lieutenant- 

 Governor. 



