1885,] J. Bearaes — The Qeogra'p'hij of India in the reign of Al-har. 117 



eible to export it thence via Guzar to Karslii. The carriage of such a 

 bulky product from other parts of the country along the difficult moun- 

 tain tracks would be attended with too mnch expense. From Denan 

 Hissar and Du-Shamba grain and flax are exported to Bokhara, and from 

 the village of Bash-khurd (43 miles from Guzar) the famous Guzar 

 rock salt is exported. This salt gets as far as Tashkent where it is 

 called Samarkand. From the entii-e country, even from Baljuan, Kuliab, 

 and Afghanistan, sheep are driven to Bokhara and Karshi. Wood (the 

 archa or dendroid juniper used for building purposes) is taken on mules 

 to Guzar and Karshi from the mountains near Ak-Rabat. One mule 

 load of archa wood is sold in Guzar for about 35. For the transport of 

 goods from the Hissar country to Karshi and Bokhara camels mules 

 and horses are employed. There is not a cart throughout the whole 

 Hissar country, indeed the word arha or cart is quite unknown there. 

 Many parts of the country are rich in rock-salt. Mines of it are 

 situated in the Mir-Tag mountains (at the mouth of the Waksh gorge). 

 Hazrat Imam mountain too, near Kuliab, furnishes that town as well as 

 Baljuan and even Badakshan with the same product. There are besides 

 numerous salt springs. 



Gold-washing is carried on in two places on the river Wakhsh, viz., at 

 the village of Dart-Kaul and close to Kurgan-Tube. The yield at the 

 latter place is the more abundant. It is carried on by the natives 

 after the fall of the spring floods when the auriferous sand is, so to speak, 

 recharged with fresh deposits from the mountains. 



3. The Geography of India in the reign of AJchar. Part II. — By 

 John Beames, Esq., G. S. 



(Abstract.) 



This is the second of the series of papers in which Mr. Beames 

 proposes to reconstruct as far as practicable the map of the Moghul empire 

 in the time of Akbar. The first series dealt with Subah Avadh (Oudh) 

 and was published in abstract in the Proceedings of May 1884, and in full 

 in Journal, Part I, No. 2 for the same year. 



The present series treats of Subah Bihar, in reconstructing the de- 

 tails of which, great difficulties had to be encountered owing to the 

 absence of earlier records, the falsification of the later ones by Muha- 

 madan Subahdars, and the Permanent Settlement of Lord Cornwallis, 

 each in its way having contributed to efface the former political geoo-ra- 

 phy. According to Abul Fazl, Bihar was bounded on the east by Subah 

 Bangalah (Bengal), on the west by Subah Ilahabad and Avadh, on the 

 north and south by high mountains, evidently the Himalayas and Vin- 

 dhyas respectively. The principal rivers are the Ganges, Son, and 

 Gandak. 



