1878.] Notes ly tie Able Besfjodins on Tliihet. 25 



spoken of bj the slave, now a Christian, o£ whom I spoke in a former paper 

 and called Abors by the English and M. Krick. All this information j^er- 

 fectlj confirms the information I gave in my letter of the 14th June 1874, 

 but here is something further in favour of it. 



*' Every one in Assam knows the fall of Brahmakund, whither the hea- 

 then resort as pilgrims. M. Bernard has often spoken to me of it as a fall 

 remarkable for its height, the force of its volume of water, and the hol- 

 low it scoops out in falling. The southerly position attributed by my 

 confrere to this vast fall, and the northerly position given to it yesterday 

 by the Llama, induce me to believe that the fall at Brahmakund must be 

 precisely the fall of the Yar-Kiu-tsang-po which then becomes the Brah- 

 maputra, the latH;r being navigable almost immediately after this addition. 



" My i»^i.rirlocutor assured me over and over again that the Yar-kiu- 

 tsang-po did not reach so far as the Nahong (Mishmi) country, but that 

 it disappeared more to the west among the Lhopas (Abors).* 



" I give this information just as I received it, but I must confess I con<- 

 sider it very probable because it perfectly confirms the information I had 

 previously received. 



" This good Llama has also given me other geographical information. 

 I shall only now mention those points which appear to me certain and con- 

 fii'matory of the information I had already received and checked some time 

 ago. 



" In going from Cha-mu-to on the Lan-tsang-kiang, to Lhassa by the 

 official highway, after having passed the Lon-tse-kiang, the principal posts 

 of Lo-rong-dzong, Chu-pan-to (Tibetan, Chiipado) Lali (Tibetan, Larego) 

 and Kiam da (Tibetan, Kong-bon-Kiam-da) are reached. To the south of 

 Chou-pan-to and Lali, at about two days march, the independent principali- 

 ty of Po-yul (Chinese Pomi) is passed on the left hand (looking south). 

 This principality recognises the emperor of China and is governed directly 

 by the third ambassador of Lhassa who bears the title of I-tsin. It does 

 not recognise in any way the Tibetan king of Lhassa. It is divided between 

 four native chiefs, who are almost quite independent in their respective 

 territories and only consult together on the affairs common to the tribe. 

 One of them calls himself Don-ya-peun, or chief of Don-ya to the south- 

 east. I do not know the names of the rest. This country is said to be 

 fairly rich, of difficult access, surrounded as it is on all sides by high j)re- 



* From a conversation with th.e ' Pandit,' Nain Singh, I learnt that the name of 

 Lhopa is given by the Tibetans to the Daphla tribes. This fact taken in connection 

 with the Llama's account seems to favour Lieut. -Col. Godwin- Austen's belief, founded 

 on observations made during the Daphla Campaign, that the Subansiri is the continua- 

 tion of the Sanpti. As shown on the map, however, these tribes are a good deal to tho 

 west of the Subansiri. (J. W.) 



