158 J. Beames — BJiapsodies of Gamhhir Hdi. [August, 



The latter half of the poem relates to Mandhata Singh, the son of Raj- 

 rup and grandson of Jagat. Rajrup himself is only briefly and cursorily 

 mentioned. As the bard passes on to Mandhata direct from Jagat, it would 

 seem that Rajrup's reign was not marked by any remarkable events. 



The language of the poem is in the main Hindi, but it is full of Panja- 

 bi words and constructions, and in one or two places seems to be pure Pan- 

 jabi. After a brief invocation of Ganesh, the remover of obstacles, the poet 

 plunges at once in medias res — 



^ ^fsl ^^ ^T^ i"TT ^T^ ^^T § II 

 ^^ ^^i Xl{ afllTfr 'S^^ ^^^ II 

 7(^3 % ■^^T^ ^^ -f^M 3TT^ ^^i $ II 

 ^T^ ^R 3lt^ ^T^ T^ ^ ^ ^"^^ ^li II 

 ^W ^TrT^rft ^^^^ WK »fiT^T '^ II 

 . TTT^fr^ ^T^ ^^ ^tf^ ^T^^ ^cT II 

 ^T^T ^^r«TTTJ ^^ «t^T ^"R; xt^T '^ II \ H 

 Swelled like the sea Shah Jahan, lord of Dilli, 

 Arraying an army of many lakhs, he came and pitched his tent. 

 Beautiful, faii'-faced, is here Jagat king of Sumeru, 

 In the plain of Mau planting the pillar he fought. 

 Making hedges and entrenchments that no one might touch him from 



afar. 

 Restraining the Patshah's forces, he swept with the steel. 

 The son of Basudev coming arraying all his honored ones, 

 Like a banjara having loaded his tdnda, has alighted. 

 f^Wt is of course Delhi, in its old Hindi spelling. 



The Muhammadan historian does not saj^ that the Emperor himself was 

 present at the siege, and from other parts of Gambhir's own poems, it would 

 appear that he was not there, though in others he is said to have been pre- 

 sent. We must therefore refer ^T*r ^>^T "^ not to the Padishah, but to the 

 army. The grammatical construction is excessively loose throughout the 

 poems. ^"R" is in Hindi often an irregular indefinite partiei])le from "^[•TT, 

 to come, though it may also be from ^T*r«rT, to bring. In Panjabi ^ixfi is 

 more frequently used in the sense of " having come," which I have, there- 

 ore adopted here. 



^'^?: may refer to Jagat Singh whose beauty is often mentioned in the 

 poems, or it may be an allusion to Kabrai Sundar whom the Emperor sent 

 to visit Jagat just before the rebellion. This Sundar is always alluded to 

 by Gambhir as '^'^T: "^eh^*, or Sundar, the bad poet. He himself is unvary- 

 ingly ^^W, the good poet. 



iJ^'R' ^-^ is a regular Panjabicism. In that dialect, f^"^ is the regular 

 sign of tlie locative instead of J{. The constant mention of the Mali ka mai- 



