and Fossil Remains near London. 345 



A similar clay, which is used for making gallipots, Is dug from 

 the banks of the Medway. A fine, light ash-coloured, nearly white 

 clay, which is employed in pottery-works, is also dug at Cheam near 

 Epsom in Surry. 



The UPPER or flinty chalk, which is the next older stratum, 

 is extremely thick, forming stupendous cliffs upwards of six hundred 

 ,and fifty feet high, on the south-eastern coasts of the island. It ex- 

 tends nearly through almost all that part of the island which lies south 

 of a line supposed to be drawn from Dorchester in the County of 

 Dorset to Flamborough-head in Yorkshire. 



In this stratum there is a great quantity of flint, chiefly in irregu- 

 larly formed nodules, disposed in layers, which preserve a parallelism 

 with each other and with continuous seams of flint, sometimes 

 not exceeding half an inch in thickness. The chalk contains a fine 

 sand, which may be separated by washing.* 



The fossils of this stratum are for the most part peculiar to it ; 

 very few of them being found in any other. They also appear to 

 agree very closely with those species found in the chalk of France, 

 by Messrs. De France, Cuvier and Brongniart. The number of 

 fossils noticed by these gentlemen amounts to fifty; but they have as 

 yet only particularised a part of them. These are here compared 

 with what appear to be the correspondent fossils in the English part 

 of this stratum ; and some others are also pointed out, which 

 these gentlemen have not yet mentioned as being found in the 

 neighbourhood of Paris. 



In the French stratum there occur, 



Two Lituolltes, No species of this genus is noticed as having 



* The chalk in the neighbourhood of Paris contains according to M. Bouillon L% 

 Grange, Magnesia 0, 1 1 , andSilex 0,19. 



2 X 



