HORN EXPEDITION — SUMMAKY. 171 



Fossiliferuus liiiie«tuii(; Ijutls, of the same horizon, were met with at llpilia 

 goi'ge near Tempe Downs, near Petermann Creek and close to Laurie Creek. 

 Away to the nortli tlie same series outcrops along the whole length of the Horn 

 Valley. In conjunction with and underlying these beds, are fossiliferous tjuartzites 

 and .sandstones ; in addition the ([uai'tzite of Chandler Ilange and Mount Watt 

 yielded fossils. 



The uppermost zone is rich in Orthis kviensis while below this are beds rich in 

 Tribolite remains, the most important pal;eontological find of the Expedition being 

 that of an entire AsapJius illarensis, Eth. tils., as up to the present time thuugh 

 Trilobites have been described from the beds only fragments have been found. Jn 

 addition to this species three others were secured, viz., Asaphus thorntoni, Eth. 

 fils., Asaphus hoivchini, Eth. His., and Asaphus lissopeltis, Tate, the last-named being 

 a new species. 



In addition to tlie Ti'ilobites the limestt)nes yielded numerous species of 

 Orthoceras and Eiidoceras whilst the limestones, sandstones and quartzites yielded 

 a remarkable preponderance of Isoarcte, imparting to tliis fauna a local feature. 



Not a trace of graptolites was discovered. So far as the correlation of the 

 fossil bearing rocks is concerned Professor Tate is of opinion, though the proofs are 

 not conclusive, that " there is presumptive evidence that the; Gordon lliver group 

 (i.e., of Tasmania) and the Larapintine series are contemporaneous and younger 

 than the Victorian graptolite slates," and he is also inclined on account of its 

 representative fauiui to regard the Larapintine series as the equivalents of the 

 Caradoc series of En'dand. 



GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. 



The origin and relations of the present flora and fauna of Central Australia 

 are intimately bound uj) with the past history of the continent, lii'stly as regai'ds 

 its relationship to other land mas.ses and secondly as regards the changes which 

 have taken place in tlie form of the continent and the relations of the various 

 parts of the present land area. In his presidential address to the Australasian 

 Association for the Advancement of Science held in Adelaide in 189.3, Professor 

 Tate has given a valuable sununary of our geological knowledge of the interior of 

 the continent. He has shown that Sturt was the lirst to surmise the fact that in 

 Pliocene times there existed pluvial conditions when the southern part of the 

 central area centering in the Lake Eyre district was occupied by a great inland 



