M. SwEDENSTlERNA o?i the Comndum ofCellivara. 419 



red felspar, in a fine grained combination with quartz and mica, is 

 the common rock of the country, which however is never here 

 found uncovered. It occurs only in detached blocks as well at the 

 foot as at the highest top of the mountain, which is besides par- 

 tially covered with a fine white sand to a considerable depth ; with 

 siliceous gravel and small blocks of amorphous garnet with specks of 

 iron. Slaty quartz is also found in small fragments, but never 

 forming a solid rock. 



The above mentioned layers of iron-ore have in all the mines and 

 all over the mountain a general direction from north-east to south- 

 west, dipping about 45'' to north-west. They very often stretch 

 several hundred fathoms in length, and from two to three hundred 

 in breadth, merely covered by a slight vegetation of mosses. If we 

 except the red felspar, which at small distances runs parallel with 

 the ore and sometimes crosses its layers, the whole forms almost a 

 solid mass of iron, of a very considerable extent, and of an unknown 

 depth. In those places where the ore is of a loose texture and 

 either coarse or fine-grained, a large quantity can in an hours time 

 be dug up by a spade. The more hard and compact magnetic ores 

 break generally in rhombs, the angles of which are about 45", or 

 equal to the dipping of the layers. 



The ores, of which I hope to give a more detailed account at 

 another time, form the most complete series of iron in different de- 

 grees of oxidation, from the almost black magnetic ore to the light 

 gray not the bast magnetic, (eisenglanz, Werner,) the true sub- 

 stance of which shews itself by its red colour when rubbed. The 

 greatest number of ores forming this series, may probably be con- 

 sidered as a more or less intimate though merely mechanical com- 

 bination, between the two varieties of iron in its minimum and 

 maximum of oxidation. The variety mentioned by Count de 



8 g2 



