20 H. J. Rainey — Identification of Towns in Jessore. [Jan. 



other ; and, the only apparent difficulty is as regards the wide stream be- 

 tween Fattapoer and Sjatterapoer, shown in Van den Broucke's map, while 

 Fathpur and Jatrapiir are both on the same side of the river. But my 

 knowledge of the locality, and acquaintance with its traditions, enable 

 me to state positively, that the waters of some of the northern rivers of 

 Jessore did not formerly meet opposite the sub-division of Khulna, and 

 flow down the Rupsaha* (Roopsa), but some distance to the eastward, 

 through the Jogikhali and Gopi Nadif (the former is fast silting up, and 

 the latter is entirely closed) into the Pasar (Pussur). Besides, we have 

 the dry bed of a river, called by the natives Mara Gang, or " dead river," 

 which apparently ran between Fathpur, and discharged itself into either 

 the Gopi Nadi or Jogikhali, and thus communicated with the Pasar. 



From Van den Broucke's map, it would appear that the Ganges 

 probably near the existing station of Kustiya (Koosteah) divided into two 

 branches ; one running in a south-westerly direction down the Jabuna under 

 Jessor-Iswaripur, and the other in a south-easterly direction down the river 

 under Jatrapur, the name of which river I cannot trace. That the Ganges 

 has changed its course considerably, is generally known, and on this head 

 the remarks of Dr. Oldham, an acknowledged authority on the subject, may 

 be aptly quoted : " It is also certain in this peculiar delta, the general 

 course of the main waters of the Ganges has gradually tracked from the 

 west to the east, until of late years the larger body of the waters of the 

 Ganges have united with those of the Brahmaputra and, have together 

 proceeded to the sea as the Megna." Vide Proc. As. Soc., Feb. 1870. 



On the whole, I venture to think, that we may reasonably conclude 

 the identity of Sjatterpoer with Jatrapur, and Fattapoer with Fath- 

 pur, to be almost, if not quite, established. And if it be so, then Van den 

 Broucke's map is utterly wrong in placing Noldy to the S. E. of those two, 

 places, instead of in a diametrically opposite direction, viz. N. W., 

 provided it was meant for " the town and mahall of Noldi (Naldi) on the 

 Noboganga," as surmised by Mr. Blochmann, (p. 231.) At any rate, I confi- 

 dently submit, Jessor is meant for Jessore-Iswaripur, and such being the 

 case, Noldy would not exactly be to the south-east of Jessore, but to the 

 north-east thereof. 



The receipt of the following communication was announced — 

 1. Annals of 'Oman, translated from the Kashf-ul-Ghummah by Col. 

 E. C. Ross, Political Agent at Muscat, 



* This was originally a mere Jchdl, or small creek, excavated by one Rup Saha, a 

 Salt Merchant (from whom it derives its name) towards the close of the last century, to 

 connect the Bhairab and Pasar rivers, and thus facilitate the progress of boats laden with 

 salt proceeding down to Calcutta. It is now a wide and turbulent river, but the ferry 

 ghat at Khulna is still known us E-up-Khali-Gliat. H. J. R. 



t Neither of these are shown in the Survey Map. H. J. R. 



