134 T. W. H. Tolbort — Portuguese Settlements in India. [JuNU,, 



iclentificafcioii of modern and ancient bastions seems to me justified by the 

 histories of the siege, but it may be open to correction, in some of its 

 details. There are several inscriptions on the different bastions, but some 

 of them seem misplaced. Several are of great antiquity ; one of 1545, before 

 the second siege, another commemorating the reconstruction of the fortress 

 by D. Joao de Castro in 1547, and a third commemorating the restoration 

 of Portuguese independence in 1641. This last is on the bastion of St. 

 Domingos. 



Leaving the city side of the fortress at the chapel of Santiago, we pass 

 along the wall facing the open sea. It was here that some of the besiegers 

 entered by stealth while the attention of the besieged was called off by an 

 assault on the bastion of St. Thomas. Beyond this are the ruins of the 

 Cathedral, Correa's sketch represents it with two towers and spires. The 

 next object of interest is the bastion of St. Theresa, with an inscription 

 to the effect that it was constructed in 1652. Below, and in front of this, is 

 the bastion of S. Luzia with the Coura^a grande or breastwork beyond 

 it forming the extreme point of the fortress on the east. The bastion of S. 

 Luzia was built in 1650. Near this bastion is another very old cannon, 

 dated 1537 in the time of Nuno da Cunha. 



Between S. Luzia and St. George (the bastion with which we started), 

 are the cisterns of the King and Queen, so contrived as to collect all the 

 rain water from the roofs and walls of buildings in the fort. This is 

 important as there are no wells nearer than the city. 



We have thus completed the circuit of the fortress, but a few words 

 must be added as to the Forte do Mar. This is a small detached fort, built on 

 a rock in the centre of the harbour, the entry to which it commands. This 

 fort dates from the earliest period of Portuguese occupation. During the 

 first siege of Diu in 1538, when the enemy had a fleet as well as an army 

 at their command, the Forte do Mar was vigorously, but unsuccessfully, 

 attacked, the defence being aided, according to Correa, by the miraculous 

 interposition of St. James. The oldest existing inscription in this little fort 

 is the following ; 



Sends Aires Falcao capitao desta Fortaleza de Dio mandon acre scentar 

 este baluarte do mar da maneira que esta na era de 1588. 



There is another inscription commemorating an alleged victory by 

 Antonis Teles over the Dutch fleet in January, 1638. 



On the ground in front of the fortress are some interesting monuments 

 without inscriptions ; a tall obelisk, said to mark the spot where Khwajah 

 Zafar was killed during the second siege ; a smaller obelisk said to mark where 

 Eumi Khan, the son and successor of Khwajah Zafar, experienced the same 

 fate, and a cross said to mark the burial place of D. Fernando de Castro. Tra- 

 dition can scarcely be trusted as to the exact signification of these monu- 



