1874.] T. W. H. Tolbort — Fortuguese Settlements in India. 135 



ments, but in all probability they do commemorate incidents of the second 

 siege. It appears that the ground in front of the fortress, and also the 

 interior of the fortress itself were formerly encumbered with numerous 

 buildings which were cleared away about the beginning of the 17th 

 century. 



At present, the houses of the Portuguese residents, the principal 

 churches and other buildings of European construction are four or five 

 hundred yards from the fortress, between it and the native quarter of the 

 city. The chief churches are those of St. Paul, St. Francis and St. Domin- 

 gos. That of St. Paul — apparently the Jesuit establishment, — was founded 

 in 1601. The churches contain numerous epitaphs of deceased Governors, 

 the oldest being that of Luis Falcao who was killed by a musket shot in 

 1548. This, however, was originally placed in the Church of the Miseri- 

 cordia, within the fort* 



Beyond the European quarter is the native town of Diu. 



Then comes the great wall, which runs across the island from sea to 

 sea, dividing the town and fortress from the rest of the island. The wall 

 of the fortress runs from sea to sea in the same way, but its length is not 

 more than four or five hundred yards. That of the city wall must be 

 nearly a mile. There is a handsome gateway in the centre, the Porta do 

 Campo. Over this is an image of St. Ignatius. The city wall was begun 

 by Aires Teles in 1570. It has numerous bastions and bears many 

 inscriptions, several between 1570 and the end of the 16th century, but 

 more of a later period, the beginning of the 18th century. 



Beyond the wall, though within a miie of the city, are two prominent 

 but deserted churches, that of Nossa Senhora de Kemedios, and that of 

 Nossa Senhora de Guia. 



Bidding farewell to Diu, we proceed to describe Goa itself, the famed 

 capital of Portuguese India. The best guide to Goa is that written by the 

 Eev. Denis L. Cottineau de Kloguen and dedicated by him to Sir John 

 Malcolm. It was published at Madras in 1831, and a Portuguese transla- 

 tion has been since published at Goa, but copies of the work are now rare 

 whether in English or in Portuguese. Captain Burton devoted some pages 

 of one of his earliest works " Goa and the Blue Mountains" to an account 

 of Goa, but this account is somewhat flippant, and gives very little anti- 

 quarian information. 



The changes since Cottineau's time are not so great as might have 

 been expected. The buildings in Old Goa are mostly of laterite and the 

 damage caused by each year's monsoon must be considerable, still many 

 of the ruins are well preserved. 



Three miles up the Goa river is the church of the Reis Magos. Beyond 

 this is New Goa, or Panjim, which was an important suburb even in ancient 



