622 PROCEEDINGS OF BOSTON MEETING. 



ently a strong shoreline at a level corresponding to that on the north. Mr Bourke, 

 who is familiar with the ground, indicated for me the place of a coarse gravel ter- 

 race which he has seen on the south side and which marks approximately the 

 narrowest part of the ancient outlet. 



This great shoreline is more strongly developed than any other in that vicinity 

 above or below it, unless it be the highest line, to be mentioned later, and it seems 

 probable that it marks the level of the Great lakes during the era of the active 

 river outlet at Nipissing. Its level at North bay is about 743 feet above mean tide, 

 or 160 feet above lake Huron. There is a strongly accentuated beach like this a 

 little lower, but not widely departing from its level, at many places farther west 

 along the shore of the North channel and the south side of lake Superior. For two 

 spaces of about 45 miles each on the Superior shore I have traced it continuously. 

 Its rise toward lake Nipissing indicates a slight uplift of the land in the vicinity 

 of that lake, which must have taken place since the outlet was abandoned. The 

 existence of this uplift is not surprising, in view of the marked warping of the 

 Ontario highlands farther south. 



BEACHES AT HIGHER LEVELS. 



Besides the shoreline already described in connection with the ancient river 

 outlet tliere are well developed beaches at much higher levels on the hills north 

 of North bay. Faint evidences of wave action were seen at various intermediate 

 levels, but I will mention here only those which are well formed and conspicuous 

 as shoreline features. 



Thibeault Beach. — Two miles straight north from North bay the road ascends the 

 steep face of Thibeaults hill to an altitude of about 350 feet above the station. Half 

 a mile or more beyond is Mr Thibeault' s house, at the corner of the concession 

 line road. Just south of this corner the road crosses a beach which is composed 

 of clean, fine, well-rounded gravel. It extends as a ridge about an eighth of a 

 mile west-southwest from where the road crosses it, and to tlie east it abuts against 

 stony ground at a slightly higher level. On the east side of the road it has been 

 excavated for ballast, and its composition is shown to be typical fine beach gravel. 

 iThis beach is about 345 feet above the North bay station, or about 1,005 feet above 

 sealevel. 



In passing up the ravine of Chippewa creek on the Temiscamang road deep 

 deposits of rounded gravel were seen which are probably remnants of former deltas 

 of the stream made at successively lower levels as the waters subsided. 

 1 McEicen Beach. — About four and a half miles northeast of North bay on the 

 Temiscamang road and about half a mile north of Darcys corner is a beach ridge 

 of gravel and coarse sand. It looks like the edge of a terrace when seen from the 

 lower ground to the south, but on near approach it is seen to be a distinct ridge 

 with a depression behind it. Its composition is disclosed in a cut at the roadside. 

 It is a composite ridge showing two or three lines, but not very distinctly. Its 

 altitude is about 1,090 feet above sealevel. East of the road the ground is well 

 cleared and the house of Mr McEwen is built upon the ridge. This ridge also 

 passes westward through the property of Mr Tallent- 



Nelson Beach. — The McEwen beach is much surpassed by another less than half 

 a mile farther north and about 50 feet higher. This is the highest as well as the 

 strongest and best dev^eloped beach found on the hills north of lake Nipissing. 

 Its altitude is about J, 140 feet above mean tide. The house and barn of Mr 



