282 THE JOUENAL OF BOTANY 



opportunities of studying the differences between B. sulcatus and 

 B. suberectiis through finding them growing very near together 

 by the same pathway in a wood at Lingfield. The following notes 

 were made on the spot on July 7th, 1910 : — 



B. sulcatus. Stem little grooved, not at all sometimes ; leaves 

 chiefly 5-nate below and at the base of the shoots ; first year's 

 shoots sulcate near distal end, if not floivering ; slickers present as 

 in suberectus. 



B. suberectus. Stem slightly grooved ; leaves ternate at base 

 of both stem and shoots, paler above than in sulcatus, often 

 cordate, and the toothing simpler and larger; flowering over. 

 With sulcatus flowering not yet declining. 



I made these notes very carefully, because on critically looking 

 through the specimens in the British Museum, at Kew, and in 

 Mr. Kogers's herbarium, 1 found it impossible to discriminate 

 B. sulcatus from suberectus, or from Bertramii. I think I can at 

 last distinguish between these three, although I by no means 

 wish to assert what is the relation between them, and must admit 

 that Mr. Eogers thinks that my sulcatus is Bertramii. But it is 

 a distinctly different plant from one abundant close to Tunbridge 

 "Wells, which, guided by Dr. Focke in Ascherson and Graebner's 

 Synopsis, I have taken to be B. Bertramii, and with which other 

 forms of B. plicatus are also abundant ; whereas at Lingfield I 

 have never seen any suberectan but suberectus, a little Bogersii, 

 and sulcatus. B. sulcatus seems to me to bear a relation to sub- 

 erectus similar to that of Bertramii to plicatus. Grooving of the 

 stem is, I think, often dependent on luxuriance in other Eubi as 

 well as sulcatus. Other stems, too, are apt to become grooved 

 when dried, if they were at all immature. 



RuBus PLICATUS W. & N. This is abundant at and near 

 Tunbridge Wells — typical plicatus, a short-stamened, small form 

 probably identical with Dr. Focke's var. i^seudo-liemistemon, an 

 occasional plant of Mr. Rogers's hemistemon, and, most abun- 

 dantly, a plant I take to be Dr. Focke's var. Bertramii. The last- 

 named Mr. Rogers, who saw it growing in 1902, suggested was 

 B. niticlus, but he has latterly considered it a form of B. lentigi- 

 nosus Lees — a determination I find myself unable to confirm. It 

 very closely resembles a specimen of B. ammobius I have seen, 

 but at last, guided by Dr. Focke's Synopsis in Ascherson and 

 Graebner's Flora, and by a specimen from G. Braun himself, I 

 have concluded that it must be his Bertramii. It varies much, 

 and there are " intermediates" between it and typical plicatus and 

 other varieties, from which, however, it differs much. It also 

 flowers nearly a fortnight later. Pseudo-hemistemon is the earliest 

 form to flower ; it does so during the second week in June in 

 South-east England, yet, if the summer is wet and cool, does not 

 ripen nearly all its fruit. This variety is confused in the National 

 Herbaria with fissus and suberectus, but it does not resemble them 

 very closely. Mr. Rogers, in 1902, had difficulty in distinguishing 

 it from B. Bogersii. B. plicatus differs from suberectus and 

 sulcattis in having no suckers, and in rooting at the tips of its 



